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A statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference used to decide whether the data sufficiently supports a particular hypothesis. A statistical hypothesis test typically involves a calculation of a test statistic. Then a decision is made, either by comparing the test statistic to a critical value or equivalently by evaluating a ...
R (programming language) R is a programming language for statistical computing and data visualization. It has been adopted in the fields of data mining, bioinformatics, and data analysis. [9] The core R language is augmented by a large number of extension packages, containing reusable code, documentation, and sample data.
The specificity of the test is equal to 1 minus the false positive rate. [7] In statistical hypothesis testing, this fraction is given the Greek letter α, and 1 − α is defined as the specificity of the test. Increasing the specificity of the test lowers the probability of type I errors, but may raise the probability of type II errors (false ...
A/B testing (also known as bucket testing, split-run testing, or split testing) is a user experience research method. [1] A/B tests consist of a randomized experiment that usually involves two variants (A and B), [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] although the concept can be also extended to multiple variants of the same variable.
In statistical hypothesis testing, a type I error, or a false positive, is the rejection of the null hypothesis when it is actually true. For example, an innocent person may be convicted. A type II error, or a false negative, is the failure to reject a null hypothesis that is actually false. For example: a guilty person may be not convicted.
Delta method. In statistics, the delta method is a method of deriving the asymptotic distribution of a random variable. It is applicable when the random variable being considered can be defined as a differentiable function of a random variable which is asymptotically Gaussian.
False discovery rate. In statistics, the false discovery rate (FDR) is a method of conceptualizing the rate of type I errors in null hypothesis testing when conducting multiple comparisons. FDR-controlling procedures are designed to control the FDR, which is the expected proportion of "discoveries" (rejected null hypotheses) that are false ...
p. -value. In null-hypothesis significance testing, the -value[note 1] is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the result actually observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is correct. [2][3] A very small p -value means that such an extreme observed outcome would be very unlikely under the null hypothesis.