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  2. Symmetry group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry_group

    The group of isometries of space induces a group action on objects in it, and the symmetry group Sym (X) consists of those isometries which map X to itself (as well as mapping any further pattern to itself). We say X is invariant under such a mapping, and the mapping is a symmetry of X. The above is sometimes called the full symmetry group of X ...

  3. Frieze group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frieze_group

    For two of the seven frieze groups (groups 1 and 4) the symmetry groups are singly generated, for four (groups 2, 3, 5, and 6) they have a pair of generators, and for group 7 the symmetry groups require three generators. A symmetry group in frieze group 1, 2, 3, or 5 is a subgroup of a symmetry group in the last frieze group with the same ...

  4. Point groups in two dimensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_groups_in_two_dimensions

    In geometry, a two-dimensional point group or rosette group is a group of geometric symmetries (isometries) that keep at least one point fixed in a plane. Every such group is a subgroup of the orthogonal group O (2), including O (2) itself. Its elements are rotations and reflections, and every such group containing only rotations is a subgroup ...

  5. Symmetry (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry_(geometry)

    In geometry, an object has symmetry if there is an operation or transformation (such as translation, scaling, rotation or reflection) that maps the figure/object onto itself (i.e., the object has an invariance under the transform). [1] Thus, a symmetry can be thought of as an immunity to change. [2] For instance, a circle rotated about its ...

  6. List of planar symmetry groups - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_planar_symmetry_groups

    The symmetry groups are named here by three naming schemes: International notation, orbifold notation, and Coxeter notation. There are three kinds of symmetry groups of the plane: 2 families of rosette groups – 2D point groups. 7 frieze groups – 2D line groups. 17 wallpaper groups – 2D space groups.

  7. Hermann–Mauguin notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann–Mauguin_notation

    In geometry, Hermann–Mauguin notation is used to represent the symmetry elements in point groups, plane groups and space groups. It is named after the German crystallographer Carl Hermann (who introduced it in 1928) and the French mineralogist Charles-Victor Mauguin (who modified it in 1931). This notation is sometimes called international ...

  8. Symmetry in mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry_in_mathematics

    Symmetry is a type of invariance: the property that a mathematical object remains unchanged under a set of operations or transformations. [1] Given a structured object X of any sort, a symmetry is a mapping of the object onto itself which preserves the structure.

  9. Affine symmetric group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine_symmetric_group

    The affine symmetric groups are a family of mathematical structures that describe the symmetries of the number line and the regular triangular tiling of the plane, as well as related higher-dimensional objects. In addition to this geometric description, the affine symmetric groups may be defined in other ways: as collections of permutations ...

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