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Benzoyl peroxide is a chemical compound (specifically, an organic peroxide) with structural formula (C 6 H 5 −C(=O)O−) 2, often abbreviated as (BzO) 2.In terms of its structure, the molecule can be described as two benzoyl (C 6 H 5 −C(=O)−, Bz) groups connected by a peroxide (−O−O−).
The general structure of an organic peroxide. In organic chemistry, organic peroxides are organic compounds containing the peroxide functional group (R−O−O−R′).If the R′ is hydrogen, the compounds are called hydroperoxides, which are discussed in that article.
Acid rain is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it has elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH).Most water, including drinking water, has a neutral pH that exists between 6.5 and 8.5, but acid rain has a pH level lower than this and ranges from 4–5 on average.
Many chemical compounds that are potentially explosive have useful non-explosive applications. One large family of phlegmatizers are phthalate esters, which are used as solvents to minimize the explosive tendency of organic peroxides, such as dibenzoyl peroxide and MEKP, which are widely used initiators for polymerizations. [1]
In organic chemistry, benzoyl (/ ˈ b ɛ n z oʊ ɪ l /, BENZ-oh-il) [1] is the functional group with the formula −COC 6 H 5 and structure −C(=O)−C 6 H 5. [2] [3] It can be viewed as benzaldehyde missing one hydrogen. The benzoyl group has a mass of 105 amu. The term "benzoyl" should not be confused with benzyl, which has the formula − ...
At higher temperatures peroxide decomposition is faster, more polymerization occurs to heat the mixture, which in turn increases peroxide decomposition and polymerizes the monomer even faster. The container dissipates heat more slowly in a higher-temperature environment, so at some critical temperature heat is generated by polymerization faster ...
The general trend is that higher reactivity is correlated with lower pK a (i.e.: stronger acidity) of the corresponding carboxylic acid (or alcohol in the case of the peroxides). [7] Therefore, the reactivity trend shows TFPAA > 4-nitroperbenzoic acid > mCPBA and performic acid > peracetic acid > hydrogen peroxide > tert-butyl hydroperoxide. [5]
Ascaridole was the first, and for a long time only, discovered naturally occurring organic peroxide.It was isolated from Chenopodium oil and named by Hüthig in 1908. He found that when heated to between 130° and 150 °C "there occurs, with sudden boiling in which the temperature momentarily rises to about 250°, a decomposition of an explosive character, occasionally accompanied by ignition.