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The First Fitna was the first civil war in the Islamic community. It led to the overthrow of the Rashidun Caliphate and the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate.The civil war involved three main battles between the fourth Rashidun caliph, Ali, and the rebel groups.
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union [e] ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union.
In the many decades between the Revolutionary War and the Civil War, such divisions became increasingly irreconcilable and contentious. [1] Events in the 1850s culminated with the election of the anti-slavery Republican Abraham Lincoln as president on November 6, 1860.
For the history of theology in America, the great tragedy of the Civil War is that the most persuasive theologians were the Rev. Drs. William Tecumseh Sherman and Ulysses S. Grant. [80] There were many causes of the Civil War, but the religious conflict, almost unimaginable in modern America, cut very deep at the time.
The civil war began in 744 with the overthrow of al-Walid II (r. 743–744) who had succeeded his uncle Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik (r. 724–743). Hisham had been appointed by his brother, Yazid II (r. 720–724), who had specified that his son, al-Walid II, should succeed him. Al-Walid II's accession was initially well received due to Hisham's ...
Relying heavily on American support amidst the Cold War, he remained the Shah of Iran for 26 years, keeping the country from swaying towards the influence of the Eastern Bloc and Soviet Union. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Beginning in 1963, Pahlavi implemented widespread reforms aimed at modernizing Iran through an effort that came to be known as the White ...
There’s good and there’s bad. America has always been a welcome and tolerant country for immigrants. Currently there are people arguing for our civil rights, and we’re also seeing those who want to smear our entire faith and say that Islam is an inherently violent religion. These are exciting times to be an American Muslim, that’s for sure.
The Second Fitna was a period of general political and military disorder and civil war in the Islamic community during the early Umayyad Caliphate. [note 1] It followed the death of the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I in 680, and lasted for about twelve years.