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The term Grenzplankostenrechnung, often referred to as GPK, has been translated as either Marginal Planned Cost Accounting [1] or Flexible Analytic Cost Planning and Accounting. [2] The GPK methodology has become the standard for cost accounting in Germany [2] as a "result of the modern, strong controlling culture in German corporations". [3]
A responsibility center is an organizational unit headed by a manager, who is responsible for its activities and results. [1] In responsibility accounting, revenues and cost information are collected and reported on by responsibility centers. [2] Typical examples of responsibility centers are the profit center, [3] cost center and the ...
Social accounting (also known as social accounting and auditing, social accountability, social and environmental accounting, corporate social reporting, corporate social responsibility reporting, non-financial reporting or accounting) is the process of communicating the social and environmental effects of organizations' economic actions to particular interest groups within society and to ...
Sustainability accounting (also known as social accounting, social and environmental accounting, corporate social reporting, corporate social responsibility reporting, or non-financial reporting) originated in the 1970s [1] and is considered a subcategory of financial accounting that focuses on the disclosure of non-financial information about a firm's performance to external stakeholders ...
Germany. Accounting Standards Committee of Germany (ASCG, in German: DRSC) [4] India. National Advisory Committee on Accounting Standards with the aide and advice of Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and Institute of Cost Accountants of India; Iran. Accounting Standards Board [5] Malaysia. Malaysian Accounting Standards Board [6] Malta
"Social auditing" Social Accounting and audit is a comprehensive triple bottom line planning and measurement method. [1]Social accounting and audit uses quantitative analysis of planned and actual measurement, ratio analysis for comparing trends over time, and qualitative analysis of constant comparison using ‘coding’ and ‘categorizing’ so that responses can be made and measured.
The European System of Accounts (ESA) is the system of national accounts and regional accounts used by members of the European Union. It was most recently updated in 2010 (ESA 2010). [1] The ESA 95 is fully consistent with the United Nations System of National Accounts (1993 SNA) in definitions, accounting rules and classifications. [2]
The Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) is a non-profit organization, founded in 2011 by Jean Rogers [1] to develop sustainability accounting standards. Investors, lenders, insurance underwriters, and other providers of financial capital are increasingly attuned to the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors on the financial performance of companies, driving ...