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  2. Germ layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ_layer

    Diploblastic animals, Cnidaria and Ctenophora, show an increase in compartmentalization, having two germ layers, the endoderm and ectoderm. Diploblastic animals are organized into recognisable tissues. All bilaterian animals (from flatworms to humans) are triploblastic, possessing a mesoderm in addition to the germ layers found in Diploblasts ...

  3. Turbellaria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbellaria

    As bilaterians, platyhelminthes are triploblastic, [4] but have no internal body cavity (are acoelomate), and lack specialized circulatory and respiratory organs, [4] [5] so gas exchange is by simple diffusion. This limits the thickness of the body, so they are either microscopic or are flat and ribbon- or leaf-shaped, [6] and vulnerable to ...

  4. Triploblasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triploblasty

    All bilaterians, which are the animals with bilaterally symmetrical embryos, are triploblastic. Other animal taxa, namely the ctenophores, placozoans, and cnidarians, are diploblastic, which means that their embryos contain only two germ layers. Sponges are even less developmentally specialized, because they lack both true tissues [2] and ...

  5. Flatworm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flatworm

    Platyhelminthes (from the Greek πλατύ, platy, meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), helminth-, meaning "worm") [4] is a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegmented, soft-bodied invertebrates commonly called flatworms or flat worms.

  6. Cnidaria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cnidaria

    Pacific sea nettles, Chrysaora fuscescens. Cnidaria (/ n ɪ ˈ d ɛər i ə, n aɪ-/ nih-DAIR-ee-ə, NY-) [4] is a phylum under kingdom Animalia containing over 11,000 species [5] of aquatic invertebrates found both in fresh water and marine environments (predominantly the latter), including jellyfish, hydroids, sea anemones, corals and some of the smallest marine parasites.

  7. Bilateria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilateria

    Bilateria (/ ˌ b aɪ l ə ˈ t ɪər i ə /) [5] is a large clade of animals characterised by bilateral symmetry during embryonic development.This means their body plans are laid around a longitudinal axis with a front (or "head") and a rear (or "tail") end, as well as a left–right–symmetrical belly and back surface.

  8. Liver fluke - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_fluke

    Liver fluke is a collective name of a polyphyletic group of parasitic trematodes under the phylum Platyhelminthes. [1] They are principally parasites of the liver of various mammals, including humans. Capable of moving along the blood circulation, they can occur also in bile ducts, gallbladder, and liver parenchyma. In these organs, they ...

  9. Diploblasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diploblasty

    Diploblasty is a condition of the blastula in which there are two primary germ layers: the ectoderm and endoderm. [1]Diploblastic organisms are organisms which develop from such a blastula, and include Cnidaria and Ctenophora, formerly grouped together in the phylum Coelenterata, but later understanding of their differences resulted in their being placed in separate phyla.