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A colorful example is cobalt(II) chloride, which turns from blue to red upon hydration, and can therefore be used as a water indicator.. The notation "hydrated compound⋅n H 2 O", where n is the number of water molecules per formula unit of the salt, is commonly used to show that a salt is hydrated.
A salt with associated water of crystallization is known as a hydrate. The structure of hydrates can be quite elaborate, because of the existence of hydrogen bonds that define polymeric structures. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Historically, the structures of many hydrates were unknown, and the dot in the formula of a hydrate was employed to specify the ...
In chemistry, a hemihydrate (or semihydrate) is a hydrate whose solid contains one molecule of water of crystallization per two other molecules, or per two unit cells.This is sometimes characterized as a solid that has one "half molecule" of water per unit cell. [1]
Calcium sulfate (or calcium sulphate) is the inorganic compound with the formula CaSO 4 and related hydrates.In the form of γ-anhydrite (the anhydrous form), it is used as a desiccant.
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The two rarer hydrates are dihydrate CaC 2 O 4 ·2H 2 O, which occurs naturally as the mineral weddellite, and trihydrate CaC 2 O 4 ·3H 2 O, which occurs naturally as the mineral caoxite, are also recognized. Some foods have high quantities of calcium oxalates and can produce sores and numbing on ingestion and may even be fatal.
If the hydration energy is greater than the lattice energy, then the enthalpy of solution is negative (heat is released), otherwise it is positive (heat is absorbed). [3]The hydration energy should not be confused with solvation energy, which is the change in Gibbs free energy (not enthalpy) as solute in the gaseous state is dissolved. [4]
structure of solid sodiium molybdate dihydrate. In aqueous solution, sodium molybdate features dissociated sodium ions and tetrahedral molybdate (MoO 4 2-), which adopts a sulfate-like structure. The solid dihydrate material has a complex structure typical for alkali metal salts of oxyanions.