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The Earth's average surface absolute temperature for the 1961–1990 period has been derived by spatial interpolation of average observed near-surface air temperatures from over the land, oceans and sea ice regions, with a best estimate of 14 °C (57.2 °F). [44]
The temperature of the air near the surface of the Earth is measured at meteorological observatories and weather stations, usually using thermometers placed in a shelter such as a Stevenson screen—a standardized, well-ventilated, white-painted instrument shelter. The thermometers should be positioned 1.25–2 m above the ground.
Satellite measurements of the surface temperature of Antarctica, taken between 1982 and 2013, found a coldest temperature of −93.2 °C (−135.8 °F) on 10 August 2010, at Although this is not comparable to an air temperature, it is believed that the air temperature at this location would have been lower than the official record lowest air ...
Land surface temperature anomalies for a given month compared to the long-term average temperature of that month between 2000-2008. [ 7 ] Sea surface temperature anomalies for a given month compared to the long-term average temperature of that month from 1985 through 1997.
And surface temperatures can be 50 degrees F hotter than the air. ... which dips 282 feet below sea level and is surrounded by mountain ranges on all sides. ... The temperature of Earth’s core ...
Global surface temperatures as a whole have been monitored since the 1880s when record keeping began. [4] According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the highest registered air temperature on Earth was 56.7 °C (134.1 °F) in Furnace Creek Ranch, California, located in Death Valley in the United States, on 10 July 1913.
Map of global diurnal temperature range over land from 1951 to 1980. ... As solar energy strikes the Earth's surface each morning, a shallow 1–3-centimetre (0.39 ...
The temperature announced reflects that of the ice surface, while the Vostok readings measured the air above the ice, and so the two are not directly comparable. More recent work [5] shows many locations in the high Antarctic where surface temperatures drop to approximately −98 °C (−144 °F; 175 K). Due to the very strong temperature ...