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Side effects of methenamine are generally minor and include upset stomach, nausea, and headache, among others. [ 3 ] [ 19 ] [ 7 ] Methenamine is a prodrug of formaldehyde in acidic urine . [ 3 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Formaldehyde is a non-specific antiseptic and bactericide which works via denaturation of bacterial proteins and nucleic acids .
Low blood potassium may occur due to vomiting, diarrhea, or certain medications. [3] The concentrated version should be diluted before use. [2] It is given by slow injection into a vein or by mouth. [4] Side effects may include heart problems if given too quickly by injection into a vein. [4]
Potassium chloride supplements by mouth have the advantage of containing precise quantities of potassium, but the disadvantages of a taste which may be unpleasant, and the potential for side-effects including nausea and abdominal discomfort. Potassium bicarbonate is preferred when correcting hypokalemia associated with metabolic acidosis. [30]
Bottom line: Most drugs carry a risk, but if you've been prescribed an oral or injected fluoroquinolone and you're concerned about side effects, be sure to talk to your doctor about switching.
Bismuth subcitrate potassium is a bismuth salt used in combination with antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A fixed-dose combination with the antibiotics metronidazole and tetracycline is sold under the trade name Pylera .
[1] [2] It contains the three antibiotics neomycin, polymyxin B, and bacitracin. [1] It is for topical use. [3] [4] Possible side effects include itchiness and skin rash, [5] and in rare cases hearing loss. [5] It is relatively broad spectrum, being effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. [2]
Fosfomycin can be used as an efficacious treatment for both UTIs and complicated UTIs including acute pyelonephritis. The standard regimen for complicated UTIs is an oral 3 g dose administered once every 48 or 72 hours for a total of 3 doses or a 6 g dose every 8 hours for 7–14 days when fosfomycin is given in IV form.
Bismuth subcitrate potassium is a salt of bismuth (Bi 3+), potassium (K +) and citrate (C 6 H 5 O 7 3−), containing about 25.6% (mass percent) bismuth, which is the active moiety, and 22.9% potassium. Tetracycline is contained as the hydrochloride, and metronidazole as the pure substance. [3]