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  2. Robert Whittaker (ecologist) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Whittaker_(ecologist)

    Robert Harding Whittaker (December 27, 1920 – October 20, 1980) was an American plant ecologist, active from the 1950s to the 1970s. He was the first to propose the five kingdom taxonomic classification of the world's biota into the Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, and Monera in 1969. [1][2] He also proposed the Whittaker Biome ...

  3. Kingdom (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_(biology)

    A domain contains one or more kingdoms. Intermediate minor rankings are not shown. In biology, a kingdom is the second highest taxonomic rank, just below domain. Kingdoms are divided into smaller groups called phyla (singular phylum). Traditionally, textbooks from Canada and the United States have used a system of six kingdoms (Animalia ...

  4. Monera - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monera

    The last commonly accepted mega-classification with the taxon Monera was the five-kingdom classification system was established by Robert Whittaker in 1969. Under the three-domain system of taxonomy , introduced by Carl Woese in 1977, which reflects the evolutionary history of life, the organisms found in kingdom Monera have been divided into ...

  5. Bacterial taxonomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_taxonomy

    Bacterial taxonomy is subfield of taxonomy devoted to the classification of bacteria specimens into taxonomic ranks. In the scientific classification established by Carl Linnaeus, [ 1 ] each species is assigned to a genus resulting in a two-part name. This name denotes the two lowest levels in a hierarchy of ranks, increasingly larger groupings ...

  6. Lynn Margulis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynn_Margulis

    Lynn Margulis (born Lynn Petra Alexander; March 5, 1938 – November 22, 2011) was an American evolutionary biologist, and was the primary modern proponent for the significance of symbiosis in evolution. In particular, Margulis transformed and fundamentally framed current understanding of the evolution of cells with nuclei by proposing it to ...

  7. Cavalier-Smith's system of classification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavalier-Smith's_system_of...

    The initial targets of Cavalier-Smith's classification, the protozoa were classified as members of the animal kingdom, [12] and many algae were regarded as part of the plant kingdom. With growing awareness that the animals and plants embraced unrelated taxa, the use of the two kingdom system was rejected by specialists.

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  9. Three-domain system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-domain_system

    The three-domain system is a taxonomic classification system that groups all cellular life into three domains, namely Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya, introduced by Carl Woese, Otto Kandler and Mark Wheelis in 1990. [1] The key difference from earlier classifications such as the two-empire system and the five-kingdom classification is the ...