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Also playing a major role in consolidating and standardizing the Punjabi language, it served as the main medium of literacy in Punjab and adjoining areas for centuries when the earliest schools were attached to gurdwaras. [22] The first natively produced grammars of the Punjabi language were written in the 1860s in Gurmukhi. [33]
Punjabi is the official language of the Indian state of Punjab, and has the status of an additional official language in Haryana and Delhi. Some of its major urban centres in northern India are Amritsar, Ludhiana, Chandigarh, Jalandhar, Ambala, Patiala, Bathinda, Hoshiarpur, Firozpur and Delhi. Punjabi in India.
t. e. Punjabi literature, specifically literary works written in the Punjabi language, is characteristic of the historical Punjab of present-day Pakistan and India and the Punjabi diaspora. The Punjabi language is written in several scripts, of which the Shahmukhi and Gurmukhī scripts are the most commonly used in Western Punjab and Eastern ...
Shahmukhi (Punjabi: شاہ مُکھی, pronounced [ʃäː (ɦ)˦.mʊ.kʰiː], lit. 'from the Shah's or king's mouth'; Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ) is the right-to-left abjad -based script developed from the Perso-Arabic alphabet used for the Punjabi language varieties, predominantly in Punjab, Pakistan. [1][2][3][4] It is generally ...
Punjabi grammar. Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language native to the region of Punjab of Pakistan and India and spoken by the Punjabi people. This page discusses the grammar of Modern Standard Punjabi as defined by the relevant sources below (see #Further reading).
Punjabi culture grew out of the settlements along the five rivers (the name Punjab, is derived from two Persian words, Panj meaning "Five" and Âb meaning "Water") which served as an important route to the Near East as early as the ancient Indus Valley civilization, dating back to 3000 BCE. [1] Agriculture has been the major economic feature of ...
poet. teacher. Language. Punjabi. Education. Guru Nanak Dev University (PhD) Surjit Patar (born Surjit Hundal; Punjabi: ਸੁਰਜੀਤ ਪਾਤਰ; 14 January 1945 – 11 May 2024) was an Indian Punjabi language writer and poet from Punjab. [2] His poems enjoy immense popularity with the general public and have won high acclaim from critics.
Mera Pind. (book) Mera Pind is a book written by Giani Gurdit Singh. In continuous print, since it was first published in 1961, the book is considered a classic in the Punjabi language. Writing in The Illustrated Weekly of India, Khushwant Singh wrote; “Mera Pind by Giani Gurdit Singh is a collection of delightful essays on various aspects of ...