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  2. Participatory action research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participatory_action_research

    Participatory action research (PAR) is an approach to action research emphasizing participation and action by members of communities affected by that research. It seeks to understand the world by trying to change it, collaboratively and following reflection. PAR emphasizes collective inquiry and experimentation grounded in experience and social ...

  3. Action research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_Research

    v. t. e. Action research is a philosophy and methodology of research generally applied in the social sciences. It seeks transformative change through the simultaneous process of taking action and doing research, which are linked together by critical reflection. Kurt Lewin, then a professor at MIT, first coined the term "action research" in 1944.

  4. Theory of reasoned action - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_reasoned_action

    A positivistic approach to behavior research, TRA attempts to predict and explain one's intention of performing a certain behavior.The theory requires that behavior be clearly defined in terms of the four following concepts: Action (e.g. to go, get), Target (e.g. a mammogram), Context (e.g. at the breast screening center), and Time (e.g. in the 12 months). [7]

  5. Community-based participatory research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community-based...

    Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an equitable approach to research in which researchers, organizations, and community members collaborate on all aspects of a research project. CBPR empowers all stakeholders to offer their expertise and partake in the decision-making process. CBPR projects aim to increase the body of knowledge ...

  6. Action theory (sociology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_theory_(sociology)

    In sociology, action theory is the theory of social action presented by the American theorist Talcott Parsons. Parsons established action theory to integrate the study of social action and social order with the aspects of macro and micro factors. In other words, he was trying to maintain the scientific rigour of positivism, while acknowledging ...

  7. Participant observation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participant_observation

    Participant observation is one type of data collection method by practitioner-scholars typically used in qualitative research and ethnography.This type of methodology is employed in many disciplines, particularly anthropology (incl. cultural anthropology and ethnology), sociology (incl. sociology of culture and cultural criminology), communication studies, human geography, and social psychology.

  8. Verstehen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verstehen

    Verstehen refers to understanding the meaning of action from the actor's point of view. It is entering into the shoes of the other, and adopting this research stance requires treating the actor as a subject, rather than an object of your observations. It also implies that unlike objects in the natural world human actors are not simply the ...

  9. Participatory rural appraisal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participatory_rural_appraisal

    PRA ranking exercise being carried out by members of a Farmer Field School in Bangladesh, 2004. Participatory rural appraisal (PRA) is an approach used by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other agencies involved in international development. The approach aims to incorporate the knowledge and opinions of rural people in the planning and ...