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A sigma factor (σ factor or specificity factor) is a protein needed for initiation of transcription in bacteria. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is a bacterial transcription initiation factor that enables specific binding of RNA polymerase (RNAP) to gene promoters .
σ因子 （sigma factor）， 原核生物 RNA聚合酶 上的一个 亚基。. 可以协助聚合酶与模板链上的 启动子 专一性的识别并结合，极大地提高聚合酶对DNA启动子区的结合力。. [1]
Introduction. Sigma factors are subunits of all bacterial RNA polymerases that are responsible for determining the specificity of promoter DNA binding and efficient initiation of RNA synthesis (transcription). The first sigma factor discovered was the sigma70 (σ70) of the highly studied bacterium Escherichia coli.
Sigma factors are multi-domain subunits of bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) that play critical roles in transcription initiation, including the recognition and opening of promoters as well as the initial steps in RNA synthesis. This review focuses on the structure and function of the major sigma-70 class that includes the housekeeping sigma ...
Sigma factor proteins promote binding of RNA polymerase to promoter sites within DNA sequences to allow for initiation of transcription. Sigma factors are specific for the gene and are affected by the cellular environment. Sigma factors can regulate at both a transcription and translational level.
Sigma (σ) factors are general transcription factors that reversibly bind RNA polymerase (RNAP) and mediate transcription of all genes in bacteria. σ Factors play 3 major roles in the RNA synthesis initiation process: they (i) target RNAP holoenzyme to specific promoters, (ii) melt a region of double-stranded promoter DNA and stabilize it as a ...
Sigma factors are multi-domain subunits of bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) that play critical roles in transcription initiation, including the recognition and opening of promoters as well as the initial steps in RNA synthesis. This review focuses on the structure and function of the major sigma-70 c ….
Sigma factor 70 RpoD contributes to virulence by regulating cell motility, oxidative stress tolerance, and manipulating the expression of hrpG and hrpX in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
Transcription initiation is the crucial focal point of gene expression in prokaryotes. The key players in this process, sigma factors (σs), associate with the catalytic core RNA polymerase to guide it through the essential steps of initiation: promoter recognition and opening, and synthesis of the first few nucleotides of the transcript.
Although the RNAP core is catalytically competent for RNA synthesis, the selectivity of transcription initiation requires a sigma (σ) factor for promoter recognition and opening. Expression of alternative σ factors provides a powerful mechanism to control the expression of discrete sets of genes (a σ regulon) in response to specific ...