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Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), a form of bursitis, is inflammation of the trochanteric bursa, a part of the hip. This bursa is at the top, outer side of the femur , between the insertion of the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus muscles into the greater trochanter of the femur and the femoral shaft .
[3] [4] Chronic pain is considered a syndrome because of the associated symptoms that develop in those experiencing this disorder. [5] Chronic pain affects approximately 20% of people worldwide and accounts for 15–20% of visits to a physician. [3] Pain can be categorized according to its location, cause, or the anatomical system which it affects.
Perineal tears mainly occur in women as a result of vaginal childbirth, which strains the perineum. It is the most common form of obstetric injury. [1] Tears vary widely in severity. The majority are superficial and may require no treatment, but severe tears can cause significant bleeding, long-term pain or dysfunction.
Pain and paresthesia are the early symptoms of compartment syndrome. [19] [6] Common symptoms are: Pain: A person may feel pain greater than the exam findings. [6] This pain may not be relieved by strong painkillers, including opioids like morphine. [20] It may be due to nerve damage from ischemia. [6]
Amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome (AMPS) is an illness characterized by notable pain intensity without an identifiable physical cause. [1] [6] Characteristic symptoms include skin sensitivity to light touch, also known as allodynia. Associated symptoms may include changes associated with disuse including changes in skin texture, color ...
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS type 1 and type 2), sometimes referred to by the hyponyms reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) or reflex neurovascular dystrophy (RND), is a rare and severe form of neuroinflammatory and dysautonomic disorder causing chronic pain, neurovascular, and neuropathic symptoms.
There is always a noticeable difference in the compound muscle action potential's dispersion, and conduction block is commonly experienced. [ 26 ] An MRI can show proximal nerve or root enlargement and gadolinium enhancement, which indicate active inflammation as well as demyelination in the brachial plexus [ 27 ] or cauda equina .
While both procedures are effective, the neurectomy has better outcomes on complete pain relief. [4] [8] [5] In a systematic review, complete pain relief was seen in 85% of neurectomy cases and 63% of decompression cases. [8] A Cochrane review found that complete pain relief in 85-100% of neurectomy cases and 60-99% of decompression cases. [2]