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Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck's values orientation theory (put forward in 1961) proposes that all human societies must answer a limited number of universal problems, that the value-based solutions are limited in number and universally known, but that different cultures have different preferences among them. [1] [2]
Some recent papers have explored whether Social Value Orientation is somehow reflected on human brain activity. The first functional magnetic resonance imaging study [ 8 ] of Social Value Orientation revealed that response of the amygdala to economic inequity (i.e., absolute value of reward difference between self and the other) is correlated ...
In 1949, Kluckhohn began to work among five adjacent communities in the Southwest: Zuni, Navajo, Mormon (), Spanish-American (Mexican-American), and Texas Homesteaders [7] A key methodological approach that he developed together with his wife Florence Rockwood Kluckhohn and colleagues Evon Z. Vogt and Ethel M. Albert, among others, was the Values Orientation Theory.
The study of values has a long history in psychological research, for instance, Rokeach's value scale, which has been used widely. [1] That focus has also been transferred to the study of culture in psychology. The anthropologists Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck conducted a large-scale study of values in five Southwestern US cultures in the 1950s. [2]
Fred Louis Strodtbeck (June 10, 1919 - August 7, 2005) was an American sociologist. He is best known in science for his work on how small groups (like juries) choose their leaders. This led to his prominent role as the founder of the science of jury selection. He wrote extensively on value orientation, group dynamics, and gangs. He is also ...
The values scale outlined six major value types: theoretical (discovery of truth), economic (what is most useful), aesthetic (form, beauty, and harmony), social (seeking love of people), political (power), and religious (unity). Forty years after the study's publishing in 1960, it was the third most-cited non-projective personality measure. [4]
Schwartz, S. H. and Bilsky, W. (1990). Toward a theory of the universal content and structure of values: Extensions and cross cultural replications. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 878-891. Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries.
The task for participants in the survey is to arrange the 18 terminal values, followed by the 18 instrumental values, into an order "of importance to YOU, as guiding principles in YOUR life". [1]: 27 The RVS has been studied in the context of personality psychology, behavior, marketing, social structure and cross-cultural studies.