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Middle Eastern architecture may refer to several broad styles of architecture historically or currently associated with the Middle East region, including:
Ottoman architecture is also found across the empire's provinces, ranging from Eastern Europe to the Middle East to North Africa. [250] [251] [252] Major religious monuments, such as those sponsored by sultan and his family, were typically architectural complexes, known as a külliye, which had multiple elements providing various charitable ...
The revival of vernacular architecture in the Middle East is due, in large part, to the work of the Egyptian architect, Hassan Fathy (1900-1989) and the Iraqi architect, Rifat Chadirji (1926-2020), both of whom championed the integration of traditional materials and designs and worked to reconcile tradition with contemporary needs.
Hafsids 1229–1574 (Near and Middle Maghreb) Marinids 1244–1465 (Middle and Far Maghreb) Zayyanids 1235–1550 (Middle Maghreb) Ottoman Rule 1550–1830 (Near and Middle Maghreb) Local Dynasties 1549–present (Far Maghreb) Islamic Spain Umayyad architecture (756–1031) Taifa Kingdoms-1 (1031–1090) Almoravid architecture (1090–1147)
Ottoman constructions were still abundant in Anatolia and in the Balkans , but in the more distant Middle Eastern and North African provinces older Islamic architectural styles continued to hold strong influence and were sometimes blended with Ottoman styles. [19] [20]
This architectural tradition integrated influences from pre-Islamic Roman, Byzantine, and Visigothic architectures, [6] [13] [2] from ongoing artistic currents in the Islamic Middle East, [4] [13] [6] and from North African Berber traditions.
They are typically made of stucco (and thus do not have a structural function), but can also be of wood, brick, and stone. They are characteristic of Islamic architecture of the Middle Ages from Spain and Morocco in the west to Persia in the east. Architecturally they form multiple tiers of squinches, diminishing in size as they rise. They are ...
The early domes of the Middle Ages, particularly in those areas recently under Byzantine control, were an extension of earlier Roman architecture. The domed church architecture of Italy from the sixth to the eighth centuries followed that of the Byzantine provinces and, although this influence diminishes under Charlemagne , it continued on in ...