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Lactuca, commonly known as lettuce, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. The genus includes at least 50 species, distributed worldwide, but mainly in temperate Eurasia . Its best-known representative is the garden lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ), with its many varieties.
Lactuca sativa is a member of the Lactuca (lettuce) genus and the Asteraceae (sunflower or aster) family. [5] The species was first described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in the second volume of his Species Plantarum. [6] Synonyms for L. sativa include Lactuca scariola var. sativa, [1] L. scariola var. integrata and L. scariola var. integrifolia. [7]
Lactuca serriola is the wild progenitor of cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and can be affected by lettuce downy mildew, one of the most serious diseases of lettuce. [12] L. serriola has shown resistance to the plant pathogen Bremia lactucae , the cause of the disease. [ 12 ]
Lactuca indica, the Indian lettuce, is a species of plant in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. It is native to western China ( Xinjiang , Tibet ), the Himalayas, and southwest Asia as far west as Turkey .
Lactuca perennis, common names: mountain lettuce, [2] blue lettuce or perennial lettuce, is a perennial herbaceous plant species belonging to the genus Lactuca of the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across most of central and southern Europe. [3] Its leaves are edible. [citation needed]
Lactuca canadensis is a species of wild lettuce known by the common names Canada lettuce, Canada wild lettuce, and tall lettuce. [2] Its true native range is not clear, [2] but it is considered to be a native of the eastern and central parts of North America. It naturalized in the western part of the continent as well as in Eurasia. [3] [4]
Lactuca quercina is a species of wild lettuce native to Europe and Asia. It is an annual or biennial herb in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae growing from a taproot to maximum heights of 50–200 cm (19.5–78.5 in) or more.
Lactuca tatarica, known as blue lettuce, is a Eurasian flowering plant in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across much of Europe and Asia. [1] Lactuca tatarica is a herb up to 60 cm (2 feet) tall with a large taproot. Most of the leaves are near the base of the plant and are larger than leaves higher up the stem.