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[1] [47] At high doses, due to their antigonadotropic effects, progestogens can cause low sex hormone levels and associated side effects like diminished secondary sexual characteristics, sexual dysfunction (e.g., reduced sex drive and erectile dysfunction), reversible infertility, reduced bone mineral density, and an increased risk of bone ...
If progesterone is taken by mouth or at high doses, certain central side effects including sedation, sleepiness, and cognitive impairment can also occur. [ 28 ] [ 20 ] The medication is a naturally occurring progestogen and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor (PR), the biological target of progestogens like endogenous progesterone ...
The side effects of cyproterone acetate (CPA), a steroidal antiandrogen and progestin, including its frequent and rare side effects, have been studied and characterized.It is generally well-tolerated and has a mild side-effect profile, regardless of dosage, when it used as a progestin or antiandrogen in combination with an estrogen such as ethinylestradiol or estradiol valerate in women.
As these side effects may be desired in transgender men and non-binary transmasculine people, there has been some consideration of this option for menstrual population in this group of individuals. Testosterone and its esters are effective as a form of menstrual suppression and help to suppress menstruation in transgender men and non-binary ...
Rare side effects may include high potassium levels and blood clots (when taken as a combined oestrogen-progestogen pill), among others. [ 4 ] [ 12 ] Drospirenone is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen , and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor , the biological target of progestogens like progesterone . [ 1 ]
Side effects of dienogest include menstrual irregularities, headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, depression, and acne, among others. [14] Dienogest is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen , and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor , the biological target of progestogens like progesterone .
The medication is available both alone and in combination with an estrogen. [11] [12] It is taken by mouth, used under the tongue, or by injection into a muscle or fat. [10] Common side effects include menstrual disturbances such as absence of periods, abdominal pain, and headaches. [10]
CPA is a progestin (synthetic progestogen), or an agonist of the progesterone receptors, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. [ 17 ] [ 4 ] It also acts as an antiandrogen , or as an antagonist of the androgen receptor , the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone .