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Pitaya usually refers to fruit of the genus Stenocereus, while pitahaya or dragon fruit refers to fruit of the genus Selenicereus (formerly Hylocereus), both in the family Cactaceae. [3] The common name in English – dragon fruit – derives from the leather-like skin and scaly spikes on the fruit exterior.
Dragonfruit stems are scandent (climbing habit), creeping, sprawling or clambering, and branch profusely. There can be four to seven of them, between 5 and 10 m (16 and 33 ft)or longer, with joints from 30 to 120 cm (12 to 47 in) or longer, and 10 to 12 cm (3.9 to 4.7 in) thick; with generally three ribs; margins are corneous (horn-like) with age, and undulate.
The pseudoscientific concept of "friendly microorganisms" was developed by professor Teruo Higa, from the University of the Ryukyus in Okinawa, Japan.He stated in the 1980s that a combination of approximately 80 different microorganisms was capable of positively influencing decomposing organic matter such that it reverts into a "life-promoting" process.
Neither the U.S. Food and Drug Administration nor the United States Department of Agriculture recommend washing fruits and vegetables in anything other than cold water. [3] [4] To date, there is little evidence that vegetable washes are effective at reducing the presence of harmful microorganisms, though their application in removing simple dirt and wax is not contested.
The species is grown commercially for its yellow fruit, but is also an impressive ornamental climbing vine with perhaps the largest flowers of all cacti. The yellow skinned fruit of S. megalanthus has thorns, unlike the green, red or yellow skinned dragon fruits of S. undatus, S. monacanthus and their cultivated hybrids.
Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.), a herbaceous perennial climbing cactus, has gained attention in India due to its attractive red or pink color, economic value, and high antioxidant potential, vitamins, and minerals content. Introduced in the late 1990s, dragon fruit cultivation in the Indian states of Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra ...
In fruit, the cell walls are mainly composed of polysaccharides including pectin. During ripening, a lot of the pectin is converted from a water-insoluble form to a soluble one by certain degrading enzymes. [11] These enzymes include polygalacturonase. [9] This means that the fruit will become less firm as the structure of the fruit is degraded.
Fruit ripening The first GM food available in stores was a genetically modified tomato (also known as Flavr Savr ) that had a longer shelf life and was ideal for shipping. Its delayed ripening was achieved by preventing polygalacturonase from destroying pectin, which makes tomatoes firm.