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[3] [4] A related condition is Mallory-Weiss syndrome which is only a mucosal tear. A common site of iatrogenic perforation is the cervical esophagus just above the upper sphincter, whereas spontaneous rupture as seen in Boerhaave syndrome perforation commonly occurs in the lower third of the esophagus. [5]
Mallory–Weiss syndrome is a condition where high intra-abdominal pressures causes laceration and bleeding of the mucosa called Mallory-Weiss tears. [1] Additionally, Mallory–Weiss syndrome is one of the most common causes of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, counting of around 1-15% of all cases in adults and less than 5% in children.
Boerhaave syndrome; Caustic injury to the esophagus; Chagas disease; Diffuse esophageal spasm; Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula; Esophageal cancer; Esophageal dysphagia; Esophageal varices; Esophageal web; Esophagitis; GERD; Hiatus hernia; Killian–Jamieson diverticulum; Mallory–Weiss syndrome; Neurogenic dysphagia ...
Mallory-Weiss tear; Gastric causes: Gastric ulcer; Gastric cancer; Gastritis; Gastric varices; Gastric antral vascular ectasia; Dieulafoy's lesions; Duodenal causes: Duodenal ulcer; Vascular malformation, including aorto-enteric fistulae. Fistulae are usually secondary to prior vascular surgery and usually occur at the proximal anastomosis at ...
In 1929, Mallory and Soma Weiss, a physician at Harvard, reported on 15 cases of severe, painless hemorrhage caused by a tear in the mucosa of the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction preceded by vomiting in alcoholic patients. [3] They reported a further six cases in 1932. [4] This syndrome has become known as Mallory–Weiss syndrome.
[4] [2] This may be related to Zollinger–Ellison syndrome, which causes severe disease. Vascular malfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract, such as bleeding gastric varices or intestinal varices. [4] Mallory–Weiss syndrome: bleeding tears in the esophagal mucosa, usually caused by prolonged and vigorous retching. [4]
Barrett's esophagus is a condition in which there is an abnormal (metaplastic) change in the mucosal cells lining the lower portion of the esophagus, from stratified squamous epithelium to simple columnar epithelium with interspersed goblet cells that are normally present only in the small intestine and large intestine.
Most patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy have either a stable or improving course in the appearance of the gastropathy on endoscopy.However, according to retrospective data, roughly one in seven patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy will develop bleeding (either acute or chronic) attributable to the gastropathy. [1]