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In the biblical Books of Kings (2 Kings 18:4; written c. 550 BC), the Nehushtan (/ n ə ˈ h ʊ ʃ t ə n /; Hebrew: נְחֻשְׁתָּן, romanized: Nəḥuštān [nəħuʃtaːn]) is the bronze image of a serpent on a pole.
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese, nickel, or zinc) and sometimes non-metals (such as phosphorus) or metalloids (such as arsenic or silicon).
Tubal-cain or Tubalcain (Hebrew: תּוּבַל קַיִן – Tūḇal Qayīn) is a person mentioned in the Bible, in Genesis 4:22, named therein as the first blacksmith. He is stated as the "forger of all instruments of bronze and iron". A descendant of Cain, he was the son of Lamech and Zillah.
Hepatizon (Greek etymology: ἧπαρ, English translation: "liver"), also known as black Corinthian bronze, was a highly valuable metal alloy in classical antiquity.It is thought to be an alloy of copper with the addition of a small proportion of gold and silver (perhaps as little as 8% of each), mixed and treated to produce a material with a dark purplish patina, similar to the colour of liver.
The word is pesel (פֶסֶל), translated in modern Hebrew as “sculpture” [13] indicating something carved or hewn. In subsequent passages, pesel was applied to images of metal and wood, as well as those of stone.
The straight metal trumpet chazozra can be distinguished from the curved natural horn shofar by its design. While the word shofar derives from Akkadian, chazozra is based on the Hebrew consonant root ḤṢR (“housing”, “fence”, derived “tube”).
Orichalcum or aurichalcum / ˌ ɔːr ɪ ˈ k æ l k ə m / is a metal mentioned in several ancient writings, including the story of Atlantis in the Critias of Plato.Within the dialogue, Critias (460–403 BC) says that orichalcum had been considered second only to gold in value and had been found and mined in many parts of Atlantis in ancient times, but that by Critias's own time, orichalcum ...
Copper was probably the first metal mined and crafted by humans. [8] It was originally obtained as a native metal and later from the smelting of ores. Earliest estimates of the discovery of copper suggest around 9000 BC in the Middle East. It was one of the most important materials to humans throughout the Chalcolithic and Bronze Ages.