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Hypotension, also known as low blood pressure, is a cardiovascular condition characterized by abnormally reduced blood pressure. [1] Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood [2] and is indicated by two numbers, the systolic blood pressure (the top number) and the diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number), which are the ...
Severe drops in blood pressure can lead to fainting, with a possibility of injury. Moderate drops in blood pressure can cause confusion/inattention, delirium, and episodes of ataxia. Chronic orthostatic hypotension is associated with cerebral hypoperfusion that may accelerate the pathophysiology of dementia. [5]
Neurogenic shock is diagnosed based on a person's symptoms and blood pressure levels. Neurogenic shock's presentation includes: [7] [8] - warm and pink skin - labored breathing - low blood pressure - dizziness - anxiety - history of trauma to head or upper spine. - if the injury is to the head or neck, hoarseness or difficulty swallowing may occur.
Low blood pressure and a fast heart rate after the event may indicate blood loss or dehydration, while low blood oxygen levels may be seen following the event in those with pulmonary embolism. [1] Routine broad panel laboratory testing detects abnormalities in <2–3% of results and is therefore not recommended. [20]
Midodrine is indicated for the treatment of symptomatic orthostatic hypotension. It can reduce dizziness and faints by about a third, but can be limited by troublesome goose bumps, skin itch, gastrointestinal discomfort, chills, elevated blood pressure while lying down, and urinary retention. [7]
Treatment may include drinking plenty of water or other fluids (unless the lightheadedness is the result of water intoxication in which case drinking water is quite dangerous). If a patient is unable to keep fluids down from nausea or vomiting, they may need intravenous fluids such as Ringer's lactate solution .
Dizziness is a common medical complaint, affecting 20–30% of persons. [4] Dizziness is broken down into four main subtypes: vertigo (~25–50%), disequilibrium (less than ~15%), presyncope (less than ~15%), and nonspecific dizziness (~10%). [5] Vertigo is the sensation of spinning or having one's surroundings spin about them. Many people find ...
Dopamine, sold under the brand name Intropin among others, is a medication most commonly used in the treatment of very low blood pressure, a slow heart rate that is causing symptoms, and, if epinephrine is not available, cardiac arrest. [4] In newborn babies it continues to be the preferred treatment for very low blood pressure. [5]