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An economic expansion is an upturn in the level of economic activity and of the goods and services available. It is a finite period of growth, often measured by a rise in real GDP , that marks a reversal from a previous period, for example, while recovering from a recession .
Real GDP is an example of the distinction between real and nominal values in economics.Nominal gross domestic product is defined as the market value of all final goods produced in a geographical region, usually a country; this depends on the quantities of goods and services produced, and their respective prices.
The economic growth rate is typically calculated as real Gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate, real GDP per capita growth rate or GNI per capita growth. The "rate" of economic growth refers to the geometric annual rate of growth in GDP or GDP per capita between the first and the last year over a period of time. This growth rate represents ...
An expansion is the period from a trough to a peak and a recession as the period from a peak to a trough. The NBER identifies a recession as "a significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production". [26]
The relationship between United States GDP and GNP is shown in table 1.7.5 of the National Income and Product Accounts. [31] You find other examples that amplify differences between GDP and GNI by comparing indicators of developed and developing countries. The GDP of Japan for 2020 was 5.05559 trillion. [32]
A business cycle may be defined as the period between two consecutive peaks. [1] [2] The period of the business cycle in which real GDP is increasing is called the expansion, in which the real GDP moves from the trough towards the peak. [3]
Expansion resumed following a return to growth in May 1954. Employment and GDP growth slowed relative to the previous two expansions. April 1958– April 1960 24 +3.6% +5.6%: A brief, two-year period of expansion occurred between 1958 and 1960, followed by another monetary recession in 1960. Feb 1961– Dec 1969 106 +3.3% +4.9%
Real value takes into account inflation and the value of an asset in relation to its purchasing power. In macroeconomics, the real gross domestic product compensates for inflation so economists can exclude inflation from growth figures, and see how much an economy actually grows. Nominal GDP would include inflation, and thus be higher.