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The Panama plate is a small tectonic plate that exists between two actively spreading ridges and moves relatively independently of its surrounding plates. [1] The Panama plate is located between the Cocos plate and the Nazca plate to the south and the Caribbean plate to the north.
The Cocos and Nazca plates formed in the Miocene.The Panama microplate is made of oceanic crust basalt, similar to the basalt plateau at the bottom of the Caribbean Sea.The isthmus of Panama formed due to convergent tectonics of the eastern Pacific subduction zone, which created a magmatic arc extending from southern North America.
Sangihe plate – Microplate within eastern Indonesia; Okinawa plate – Minor tectonic plate from the northern end of Taiwan to the southern tip of Kyūshū; Pelso plate – Small tectonic unit in the Pannonian Basin in Europe; Timor plate – Microplate in Southeast Asia carrying the island of Timor and surrounding islands
The geology of Costa Rica is part of the Panama Microplate, which is slowly moving north relative to the stable Caribbean Plate. [1] [2]In the late Cretaceous, an oceanic trench or backarc system formed in connection with a subduction zone, situated where the Isthmus of Panama is now located.
This microplate was previously assumed to be part of the Nazca Plate, forming the northeastern tongue of the Nazca plate together with the Malpelo plate. Bordering the Coiba plate on the east are the north–south striking Bahía Solano Fault and east of that, the Serranía de Baudó , an isolated mountain chain in northwestern Chocó , Colombia.
CMP - Coiba microplate PMP - Panama microplate The topography of western Colombia is largely dominated by the Romeral fault system, extending from northern Colombia into Ecuador The topographically pronounced Romeral fault system encloses the Cauca Basin in south-central Colombia and forms the boundary between the Western and Central Ranges of ...
Bathymetry of the northeast corner of the Caribbean plate showing the major faults and plate boundaries; view looking south-west. The main bathymetric features of this area include: the Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc; the old inactive volcanic arc of the Greater Antilles (Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and Hispaniola); the Muertos Trough; and the Puerto Rico Trench formed at the plate boundary ...
The eastern boundary is a transform fault, the Panama fracture zone. The southern boundary is a mid-oceanic ridge, the Cocos–Nazca spreading centre. [3] The western boundary is another mid-ocean ridge, the East Pacific Rise. A hotspot under the Galápagos Islands lies along the Galápagos Rise. (see Galápagos hotspot and Galápagos microplate)