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Cacao seed in the fruit or pocha from the Theobroma cacao tree Cocoa seeds being dried before roasting Cocoa seeds being roasted. Fair trade cocoa is an agricultural product harvested from a cocoa tree using a certified process which is followed by cocoa farmers, buyers, and chocolate manufacturers, and is designed to create sustainable incomes for farmers and their families.
The Seattle-based chocolate maker Theo Chocolate was one of the first companies that were "fair-trade certified" and produced organic chocolate. In 2006 when Theo Chocolate began their production of organic chocolate, there were no solid guidelines for chocolate manufacturing at the time and they had to get the process and ingredients in the correct measurements.
Specialty cocoa is an umbrella term usually describing cocoa that has consistent and verifiable special attributes. These attributes are distinguished by country, along lines including management, origin and quality. It contains fine and flavor cocoa, fair trade, heirlooms, organic, sustainable and other certified cocoas. [10]
Single origin chocolate bars (dark, dark milk, white), single origin natural cocoa powder, roasted cocoa nibs Utilizes direct trade, paying farmers above fair trade prices for cocoa beans and sharing profit with them. One of the only small-batch chocolate makers in the US to press their own cocoa butter. Barry Callebaut: Switzerland: 1996 (1842 ...
According to advocates of fair trade, such as Ghanaian cooperative Kuapa Kokoo, [1] [2] "Big Chocolate" companies include Mondelez (which owns Cadbury), Mars, Nestlé, and The Hershey Company. Together these companies process about 12% [ citation needed ] of the world's 3 million tons [ 3 ] of cocoa each year.
If the combined ratio falls below 3.2 or so, production ceases to be economically viable and some factories cease extraction of butter and powder and trade exclusively in cocoa liquor. [citation needed] Cocoa futures traded on the ICE Futures US Softs exchange, are valued at 10 Tonnes per contract with a tick size of 1 and tick value of US$10. [65]
Cooperatives pay farmers a fair price for their cocoa so farmers have enough money for food, clothes, and school fees. [163] One of the main tenets of fair trade is that farmers receive a fair price, but this does not mean that the larger amount of money paid for fair trade cocoa goes directly to the farmers.
For example, in Germany, major supermarket Lidl commenced promoting their own brand milk chocolate with their own Fair Trade label in 2006. [91] Similarly, in the UK, two of the best selling milk chocolate bars, Cadburys Dairy Milk and Nestlé's Kit Kat were marketed with a Fair Trade label starting in 2009 and 2010 respectively. [90]