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The brain parenchyma refers to the functional tissue in the brain that is made up of the two types of brain cell, neurons and glial cells. [7] It is also known to contain collagen proteins. [8] Damage or trauma to the brain parenchyma often results in a loss of cognitive ability or even death.
The astrocytes of the glia limitans are responsible for separating the brain into two primary compartments. The first compartment is the immune-privileged brain and spinal cord parenchyma. This compartment contains multiple immunosuppressive cell surface proteins such as CD200 and CD95L and it allows for the release of anti-inflammatory factors.
The principal cell type found in the claustrum is the Golgi type I neuron, which is a large cell with dendrites covered in spines. [ 9 ] [ 8 ] Through interhemispheric connections, the claustrum is believed to play a role in synchronizing activity in widely separated, but functionally related, parts of the brain such as between frontal eye ...
Major gyri and sulci on the lateral surface of the cortex Lobes of the brain. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is divided into nearly symmetrical left and right hemispheres by a deep groove, the longitudinal fissure. [17] Asymmetry between the lobes is noted as a petalia. [18]
Pictured here is a cross-section showing the gross anatomy of the human brain. Neuroanatomy is the study of the structure and organization of the nervous system. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems ...
Most famous parts of the brain highlighted in different colours The human brain anatomical regions are ordered following standard neuroanatomy hierarchies. Functional , connective , and developmental regions are listed in parentheses where appropriate.
If the upper part of either hemisphere is removed, at a level about 1.25 cm above the corpus callosum, the central white matter will be exposed as an oval-shaped area, the centrum semiovale, surrounded by a narrow convoluted margin of gray substance, and studded with numerous minute red dots (puncta vasculosa), produced by the escape of blood ...
This development section covers changes in brain structure over time. It includes both the normal development of the human brain from infant to adult and genetic and evolutionary changes over many generations. Neural development in humans; Neuroplasticity – changes in a brain due to behavior, environment, aging, injury etc.