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The Russian alphabet contains 10 vowel letters. They are grouped into soft and hard vowels. [12] The soft vowels, е, ё, и, ю, я , either indicate a preceding palatalized consonant, or (with the exception of и ) are iotated (pronounced with a preceding /j/) in all other cases. The IPA vowels shown are a guideline only and sometimes are ...
Russian vowel chart by Jones & Trofimov (1923:55). The symbol i̝ stands for a positional variant of /i/ raised in comparison with the usual allophone of /i/, not a raised cardinal which would result in a consonant. Russian stressed vowel chart according to their formants and surrounding consonants, from Timberlake (2004:31, 38). C is hard (non ...
Although occasionally praised by the Russian working class, the reform was unpopular amongst the educated people, religious leaders and many prominent writers, many of whom were oppositional to the new state. [3] Furthermore, even the workers ridiculed the spelling reform at first, arguing it made the Russian language poorer and less elegant. [4]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 2 March 2025. See also: List of Cyrillic multigraphs Main articles: Cyrillic script, Cyrillic alphabets, and Early Cyrillic alphabet This article contains special characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols. This is a list of letters of the Cyrillic ...
Russian vowel chart by Trofimov & Jones (1923:55) Russian has five or six vowels in stressed syllables, /i, u, e, o, a/, and in some analyses /ɨ/, but in most cases these vowels have merged to only two to four vowels when unstressed: /i, u, a/ (or /ɨ, u, a/) after hard consonants and /i, u/ after soft ones.
Unlike the Russian spelling system, ё is mandatory in the Cyrillic alphabet used by Dungan. In that Sinitic language, the е / ё distinction is crucial, as the former is used such as to write the syllable that would have the pinyin spelling of ye in Standard Chinese , and the latter is used for the syllable that appears as yao in pinyin.
Following the Russian alphabet reform of 1918, a 1 key was added. И was used significantly less in Russian before the Bolshevik reform of 1918: і was used before all vowels and before the semivowel й except at the end of a morpheme in a compound word, where и was used.
Russian distinguishes hard (unpalatalized or plain) and soft (palatalized) consonants (both phonetically and orthographically). Soft consonants, most of which are denoted by a superscript ʲ , are pronounced with the body of the tongue raised toward the hard palate , like the articulation of the y sound in yes .