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After stating his proof for God's existence, Spinoza addresses who "God" is. Spinoza believed that God is "the sum of the natural and physical laws of the universe and certainly not an individual entity or creator". [144]
In Spinoza's Short Treatise on God, Man, and His Well-Being, he wrote a section titled "Treating of God and What Pertains to Him", in which he discusses God's existence and what God is. He starts off by saying: "whether there is a God, this, we say, can be proved". [27] His proof for God follows a similar structure as Descartes' ontological ...
Spinoza denies each point. According to Spinoza, God is the natural world. Spinoza concludes that God is the substance comprising the universe; that God exists in itself, not outside of the universe; and that the universe exists as it does from necessity, not because of a divine theological reason or will. Spinoza argues through propositions.
Spinoza is the greatest of modern philosophers, because he is the first philosopher who deals with the soul and the body as one, not as two separate things. [25] Einstein stated, "My views are near those of Spinoza: admiration for the beauty of and belief in the logical simplicity of the order which we can grasp humbly and only imperfectly.
Therefore, the question of God's existence may lie outside the purview of modern science by definition. [27] The Catholic Church maintains that knowledge of the existence of God is the "natural light of human reason". [28] Fideists maintain that belief in God's existence may not be amenable to demonstration or refutation, but rests on faith alone.
Gödel's ontological proof is a formal argument by the mathematician Kurt Gödel (1906–1978) for the existence of God. The argument is in a line of development that goes back to Anselm of Canterbury (1033–1109).
Attributes (properties) of God, Ethica part 1 axioms, theorem 1–4, mistakes by Descartes and Francis Bacon (1561-1626). Latin 03 III [3] 03 III: Oldenburg: Spinoza: London: 27: 09: 1661: Existence of God, Ethica part 1 axioms, promises to send a book by Robert Boyle. Latin 04 IV [3] 04 IV: Spinoza: Oldenburg: 10: 1661: Short answers to ...
[5] Deleuze at once echoes and inverts Spinoza, [6] who maintained that everything that exists is a modification of the one substance, God or Nature. He claims that it is the organizing principle of Spinoza's philosophy, despite the absence of the term from any of Spinoza's works.