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Major DBMSs, including SQLite, [5] MySQL, [6] Oracle, [7] IBM Db2, [8] Microsoft SQL Server [9] and PostgreSQL [10] support prepared statements. Prepared statements are normally executed through a non-SQL binary protocol for efficiency and protection from SQL injection, but with some DBMSs such as MySQL prepared statements are also available using a SQL syntax for debugging purposes.
The mysqli_query(), mysqli_real_query() and mysqli_multi_query() functions are used to execute non-prepared statements. At the level of the MySQL Client Server Protocol, the command COM_QUERY and the text protocol are used for statement execution. With the text protocol, the MySQL server converts all data of a result sets into strings before ...
In MySQL, double quotes are string literal delimiters by default instead. Enabling the ansi_quotes SQL mode enforces the SQL standard behavior. These can also be used regardless of this mode through backticks: `YEAR`. Clauses, which are constituent components of statements and queries. (In some cases, these are optional.) [1]
A function call using named parameters differs from a regular function call in that the arguments are passed by associating each one with a parameter name, instead of providing an ordered list of arguments. For example, consider this Java or C# method call that doesn't use named parameters:
MySQL (/ ˌ m aɪ ˌ ɛ s ˌ k juː ˈ ɛ l /) [5] is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS). [5] [6] Its name is a combination of "My", the name of co-founder Michael Widenius's daughter My, [7] and "SQL", the acronym for Structured Query Language.
With version 5.0, included in Microsoft Office 4.2 and 4.3, Excel included Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), a programming language based on Visual Basic which adds the ability to automate tasks in Excel and to provide user-defined functions (UDF) for use in worksheets. VBA includes a fully featured integrated development environment (IDE).
SELECT is the most complex statement in SQL, with optional keywords and clauses that include: The FROM clause, which indicates the tables to retrieve data from. The FROM clause can include optional JOIN subclauses to specify the rules for joining tables. The WHERE clause includes a comparison predicate, which restricts the rows returned by the ...
Visual Basic uses round brackets to define the parameters of subroutines or functions. A single quotation mark (') or the keyword REM, placed at the beginning of a line or after any number of space or tab characters at the beginning of a line, or after other code on a line, indicates that the (remainder of the) line is a comment.