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A machinist calculator is a hand-held calculator programmed with built-in formulas making it easy and quick for machinists to establish speeds, feeds and time without guesswork or conversion charts. Formulas may include revolutions per minute (RPM), surface feet per minute (SFM), inches per minute (IPM), feed per tooth (FPT). A cut time (CT ...
Cutting speed may be defined as the rate at the workpiece surface, irrespective of the machining operation used. A cutting speed for mild steel of 100 ft/min is the same whether it is the speed of the cutter passing over the workpiece, such as in a turning operation, or the speed of the cutter moving past a workpiece, such as in a milling operation.
It relates to spindle speed via variables such as cutter diameter (for rotating cutters) or workpiece diameter (for lathe work). SFM is a combination of diameter and the velocity ( RPM ) of the material measured in feet-per-minute as the spindle of a milling machine or lathe . 1 SFM equals 0.00508 surface meter per second (meter per second, or ...
Incorrect speeds and feeds will cause damage to the tool, machine spindle, and even the product. The quickest and simplest way to find these numbers would be to use a calculator that can be found online. A formula can also be used to calculate the proper speeds and feeds for a material. These values can be found online or in Machinery's Handbook.
The speeds and feeds used are varied to suit a combination of variables. The speed at which the piece advances through the cutter is called feed rate , or just feed ; it is most often measured as distance per time (inches per minute [in/min or ipm] or millimeters per minute [mm/min]), although distance per revolution or per cutter tooth are ...
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The axial or feed force acts in the longitudinal direction. It is also called the feed force because it is in the feed direction of the tool. This force tends to push the tool away from the chuck. The radial or thrust force acts in the radial direction and tends to push the tool away from the workpiece.
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