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Water covers about 71% of Earth's surface. [1] The origin of water on Earth is the subject of a body of research in the fields of planetary science, astronomy, and astrobiology. Earth is unique among the rocky planets in the Solar System in having oceans of liquid water on its surface. [2]
As depicted, Earth's planetary crust had largely cooled, leaving a water-rich barren surface marked by volcanoes and continents, eventually developing round microbialites. The Moon orbited Earth much closer, appearing much larger, producing more frequent and wider eclipses as well as tidal effects. [18]
A portal into early Earth. The Hadean Eon, from 4.5 billion to 4 billion years ago, is the earliest chapter in Earth’s history and a geological dark age that’s little understood because ...
The findings challenge the existing theory that the planet was completely covered by ocean four billion years ago.
The first eon in Earth's history, the Hadean, begins with the Earth's formation and is followed by the Archean eon at 3.8 Ga. [2]: 145 The oldest rocks found on Earth date to about 4.0 Ga, and the oldest detrital zircon crystals in rocks to about 4.4 Ga, [34] [35] [36] soon after the formation of the Earth's crust and the Earth
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The total mass of Earth's hydrosphere is about 1.4 × 10 18 tonnes, which is about 0.023% of Earth's total mass. At any given time, about 2 × 10 13 tonnes of this is in the form of water vapor in the Earth's atmosphere (for practical purposes, 1 cubic metre of water weighs 1 tonne).
Interactions between early Earth’s magma ocean and a molecular hydrogen atmosphere may have given rise to water. Interactions between early Earth’s magma ocean and a molecular hydrogen ...