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  2. Valve timing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_timing

    With traditional fixed valve timing, an engine will have a period of "valve overlap" at the end of the exhaust stroke, when both the intake and exhaust valves are open. The intake valve is opened before the exhaust gases have completely left the cylinder, and their considerable velocity assists in drawing in the fresh charge. Engine designers ...

  3. Variable valve timing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_valve_timing

    Variable valve timing (VVT) is the process of altering the timing of a valve lift event in an internal combustion engine, and is often used to improve performance, fuel economy or emissions. It is increasingly being used in combination with variable valve lift systems.

  4. Variator (variable valve timing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variator_(variable_valve...

    The Alfa Romeo Twin Spark engine, introduced in the 1987 Alfa Romeo 75, also uses variable valve timing. [3] [4] The Alfa system varies the phase (not the duration) of the cam timing and operates on the inlet camshaft. [5] Alfa Romeo's variator is a cylindrical chamber that contains a pressure chamber and piston along with helical splines.

  5. VANOS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VANOS

    VANOS units on the intake and exhaust camshafts of a BMW N52 engine. VANOS is a variable valve timing system used by BMW on various automotive petrol engines since 1992. The name is an abbreviation of the German words for variable camshaft timing (German: variable Nockenwellensteuerung).

  6. Variable camshaft timing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_camshaft_timing

    For twin-cam or DOHC engines, VCT was used on either the intake or exhaust camshaft. (Engines that have VCT on both camshafts are now designated as Ti-VCT.↓) The use of variable camshaft timing on the exhaust camshaft is for improved emissions, and vehicles with VCT on the exhaust camshaft do not require exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) as retarding the exhaust cam timing achieves the same ...

  7. Piston valve (steam engine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piston_valve_(steam_engine)

    This entails controlling the admission and exhaust of steam to and from the cylinders with a valve linked to the motion of the piston. [3] For timing and dimensioning of slide or piston valves where the valve opens and closes the steam and exhaust ports, a consideration of the "lap" and "lead" is required.

  8. N-VCT - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-VCT

    N-VTC varies valve timing by rotating the affected camshaft relative to the sprocket; valve lift and duration are not altered. This rotation is achieved when an electric solenoid, controlled by the car's ECU, allows pressurized engine oil to flow into and through the cam and into a slave mechanism, axially advancing camshaft timing relative to ...

  9. Volumetric efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volumetric_efficiency

    A more modern technique for four-stroke engines, variable valve timing, attempts to address changes in volumetric efficiency with changes in speed of the engine: at higher speeds the engine needs the valves open for a greater percentage of the cycle time to move the charge in and out of the engine.

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