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Fructose (/ ˈ f r ʌ k t oʊ s,-oʊ z /), or fruit sugar, is a ketonic simple sugar found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose.It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose, that are absorbed by the gut directly into the blood of the portal vein during digestion.
Oligosaccharides of glucose combined with other sugars serve as important energy stores. These include lactose, the predominant sugar in milk, which is a glucose-galactose disaccharide, and sucrose, another disaccharide which is composed of glucose and fructose. Glucose is also added onto certain proteins and lipids in a process called ...
High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), also known as glucose–fructose, isoglucose and glucose–fructose syrup, [1] [2] is a sweetener made from corn starch. As in the production of conventional corn syrup, the starch is broken down into glucose by enzymes. To make HFCS, the corn syrup is further processed by D-xylose isomerase to convert some of ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 February 2025. Sweet-tasting, water-soluble carbohydrates This article is about the class of sweet-flavored substances used as food. For common table sugar, see Sucrose. For other uses, see Sugar (disambiguation). Sugars (clockwise from top-left): white refined, unrefined, brown, unprocessed cane ...
Therefore, the molecular structure of a simple monosaccharide can be written as H(CHOH) n (C=O)(CHOH) m H, where n + 1 + m = x; so that its elemental formula is C x H 2x O x. By convention, the carbon atoms are numbered from 1 to x along the backbone, starting from the end that is closest to the C=O group.
Fructolysis refers to the metabolism of fructose from dietary sources. Though the metabolism of glucose through glycolysis uses many of the same enzymes and intermediate structures as those in fructolysis, the two sugars have very different metabolic fates in human metabolism.
The following other wikis use this file: Usage on cs.wikipedia.org Ketózy; Usage on de.wikipedia.org Ketosen; Usage on es.wikipedia.org Agroquímica
Likewise, gastric acidity converts sucrose to glucose and fructose during digestion, the bond between them being an acetal bond which can be broken by an acid. Given (higher) heats of combustion of 1349.6 kcal/mol for sucrose, 673.0 for glucose, and 675.6 for fructose, [ 13 ] hydrolysis releases about 1.0 kcal (4.2 kJ) per mole of sucrose, or ...