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Bromochlorodifluoromethane (BCF), also referred to by the code numbers Halon 1211 and Freon 12B1, is a haloalkane with the chemical formula C F 2 Cl Br. It is used for fire suppression, especially for expensive equipment or items that could be damaged by the residue from other types of extinguishers. [ 1 ]
Halon systems are among the most effective and commonly used fire protection systems used on commercial aircraft. Halon 1301 is the primary agent used in commercial aviation engine, cargo compartments, and auxiliary power unit fire zones. [9] [10] Efforts to find a suitable replacement for Halon 1301 have not produced a widely accepted replacement.
Halotron I was originally introduced in 1992 as a replacement for Halon 1211(bromochlorodifluoromethane), a substance known for its significant ozone-depleting properties. While Halon 1211 has a global warming potential (GWP) of 2,070, [2] Halotron I's GWP is considerably lower at 77, reflecting a 96% reduction in environmental impact. [3]
BFCs are extremely inert. In a fire, in addition to physically excluding oxygen, the molecules liberate bromine radicals which interfere with combustion reactions. BFCs tend to have higher melting and boiling points than comparable fully fluorinated molecules. A Halon fire suppression system in a U.S. Navy ship's machinery room
[citation needed]) Halon 1211 also has low toxicity, although it is more toxic than Halon 1301, and thus considered unsuitable for flooding systems. However, Halon 1301 fire suppression is not completely non-toxic; very high temperature flame, or contact with red-hot metal, can cause decomposition of Halon 1301 to toxic byproducts.
In the 1960s, fluoroalkanes and bromofluoroalkanes became available and were quickly recognized as being highly effective fire-fighting materials. Much early research with Halon 1301 was conducted under the auspices of the US Armed Forces, while Halon 1211 was, initially, mainly developed in the UK. By the late 1960s they were standard in many ...
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