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These conformational changes, as a result of protein adsorption, can also denature the protein and change its native properties. Illustration of protein (green) ligand (red star) binding site alteration by the conformational change of the protein as a result of surface (blue) adsorption. Note how the ligand no longer fits into the binding site.
For many drugs, reducing the particle size reduces the dose needed to achieve the same therapeutic effect. The particle size reduction increases the specific surface area and the dissolution rate and does not affect solubility. The rate of dissolution may also be altered by choosing a suitable polymorph of a compound. Different polymorphs have ...
The human body's rate of iron absorption appears to respond to a variety of interdependent factors, including total iron stores, the extent to which the bone marrow is producing new red blood cells, the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood, and the oxygen content of the blood.
The changes in shape and flexibility affect the mechanical properties of whole blood. A change in plasma osmotic pressure alters the hematocrit, that is, the volume concentration of red cells in the whole blood by redistributing water between the intravascular and extravascular spaces. This in turn affects the mechanics of the whole blood.
Hyperchromicity can be used to track the condition of DNA as temperature changes. The transition/melting temperature (T m) is the temperature where the absorbance of UV light is 50% between the maximum and minimum, i.e. where 50% of the DNA is denatured. A ten fold increase of monovalent cation concentration increases the temperature by 16.6 °C.
Changes in the levels of free drug change the volume of distribution because free drug may distribute into the tissues leading to a decrease in plasma concentration profile. For the drugs which rapidly undergo metabolism, clearance is dependent on the hepatic blood flow. For drugs which slowly undergo metabolism, changes in the unbound fraction ...
If one removes 1440 mg in 24 h, this is equivalent to removing 1 mg/min. If the blood concentration is 0.01 mg/mL (1 mg/dL), then one can say that 100 mL/min of blood is being "cleared" of creatinine, since, to get 1 mg of creatinine, 100 mL of blood containing 0.01 mg/mL would need to have been cleared.
This releases hydrogen ions from hemoglobin, increases free H + concentration within RBCs, and shifts the equilibrium towards CO 2 and water formation from bicarbonate. The subsequent decrease in intracellular bicarbonate concentration reverses chloride-bicarbonate exchange: bicarbonate moves into the cell in exchange for chloride moving out.