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During a temporary period that extended to 1 November 2004, the old pre-Nice voting system was kept, but adapted to the new number of member states. [22] From 1 November 2004, a new voting system based on the Nice system entered into force. The voting weights of the member states according to that voting system are shown in the table on the right.
The primary institutions of the European Union are the European Commission, the Council of the European Union (Council), the European Council and the European Parliament. The ordinary legislative procedure, applies to nearly all EU policy areas. Under the procedure, the Commission presents a proposal to Parliament and the council.
This will normally be at the end of a European Council meeting and according to the same format (chaired by the President of the European Council and including the President of the Commission), but usually restricted to the (currently 20) heads of state or government of the member states of the eurozone. [citation needed]
The European Council deals with the major issues such as the appointment of the President of the European Commission who takes part in the body's meetings. [58] Ecofin's Eurozone component, the Euro group, is also a formal group with its own President. [51] Its European Council counterpart is the Euro summit formalized in 2011 [59] and the TSCG.
The European Parliament (EP) shares the legislative and budgetary authority of the Union with the Council of the European Union (of relevant national government ministers). Its 705 [ 16 ] members are elected every five years by universal suffrage and sit according to political allegiance .
The turnout in European elections proceeded to decline in every subsequent election up to 2014, when it reached a low of 42.54%. [32] In 2019, over 50 percent of EU citizens voted in the European Parliamentary Elections. [33] This is the first time voter turnout in EU Parliament elections has passed 50% since 1994 [34]
The President of the European Council convenes an inter-governmental conference consisting of representatives of each member-state's government. The conference drafts and finalises a treaty based on the convention's recommendation or on the European Council's terms of reference. EU leaders sign the treaty.
The EPP won the most seats and Jean-Claude Juncker was nominated by the European Council and elected by the Parliament. In 2019, the parties again announced their candidates for President of the Commission ahead of the European elections, notably Manfred Weber for the EPP and Frans Timmermans for the Party of European Socialists. However, after ...