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David Émile Durkheim (/ ˈ d ɜːr k h aɪ m /; [1] French: [emil dyʁkɛm] or ; 15 April 1858 – 15 November 1917) was a French sociologist.Durkheim formally established the academic discipline of sociology and is commonly cited as one of the principal architects of modern social science, along with both Karl Marx and Max Weber.
Durkheim distinguishes sociology from other sciences and justifies his rationale. [1] Sociology is the science of social facts. Durkheim suggests two central theses, without which sociology would not be a science: It must have a specific object of study. Unlike philosophy or psychology, sociology's proper object of study are social facts.
The sociology of knowledge has a subclass and a complement. Its subclass is sociology of scientific knowledge. Its complement is the sociology of ignorance. [2] [3] The sociology of knowledge was pioneered primarily by the sociologist Émile Durkheim at the beginning of the 20th century. His work deals directly with how conceptual thought ...
In sociology, social facts are values, cultural norms, and social structures that transcend the individual and can exercise social control. The French sociologist Émile Durkheim defined the term, and argued that the discipline of sociology should be understood as the empirical study of social facts. For Durkheim, social facts "consist of ...
According to Durkheim, the type of solidarity will correlate with the type of society, either mechanical or organic society. The two types of solidarity can be distinguished by morphological and demographic features, type of norms in existence, and the intensity and content of the conscience collective. [2]
He was in many ways the first true sociological functionalist. [12] In fact, while Durkheim is widely considered the most important functionalist among positivist theorists, it is known that much of his analysis was culled from reading Spencer's work, especially his Principles of Sociology (1874–96).
Collective effervescence (CE) is a sociological concept coined by Émile Durkheim. According to Durkheim, a community or society may at times come together and simultaneously communicate the same thought and participate in the same action. Such an event then causes collective effervescence which excites individuals and serves to unify the group ...
Collective representations are concepts, ideas, categories and beliefs that do not belong to isolated individuals, but are instead the product of a social collectivity. [1] Émile Durkheim (1858-1917) originated the term "collective representations" to emphasise the way that many of the categories of everyday use–space, time, class, number etc–were in fact the product of collective social ...