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Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability (in the United Kingdom), [3] and formerly mental retardation (in the United States), [4] [5] [6] is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant impairment in intellectual and adaptive functioning that is first apparent during childhood.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 21 January 2025. The following is a list of mental disorders as defined at any point by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). A mental disorder, also known as a mental illness, mental health condition, or psychiatric ...
Mental disorder; Other names: Mental breakdown, mental disability, mental disease, mental health condition, mental illness, nervous breakdown, psychiatric disability, psychiatric disorder, psychological disability, psychological disorder [1] [2] [3] [4]
Intellectual disability, also known as general learning disability, a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder; Learning disability, where a person has difficulty learning in a typical manner; Mental disorder, also called mental illness or psychiatric disorder, a behavioral or mental pattern that causes impairment of personal functioning
Some people consider it best to use person-first language, for example "a person with a disability" rather than "a disabled person." [1] However identity-first language, as in "autistic person" or "deaf person", is preferred by many people and organizations. [2] Language can influence individuals' perception of disabled people and disability. [3]
There are a variety of disabilities affecting cognitive ability.This is a broad concept encompassing various intellectual or cognitive deficits, including intellectual disability (formerly called mental retardation), deficits too mild to properly qualify as intellectual disability, various specific conditions (such as specific learning disability), and problems acquired later in life through ...
Other names: Autistic savant, savant syndrome (historical) [1] Kim Peek, the savant who was the inspiration for the main character in the movie Rain Man: Specialty: Psychiatry, neurology: Symptoms: General mental disability with certain abilities far in excess of average [1] [2] Types: Congenital, acquired [3] Causes
The bill changed references in federal law; the term mental retardation was replaced by mental disability. Additionally, the phrase "mentally retarded individual" was replaced with "an individual with an intellectual disability". [14] Rosa's Law was named after Rosa Marcellino, a nine-year-old girl with Down syndrome.