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In 1825, Bouchet and Cazauvieilh described palpable firmness and atrophy of the uncus and medial temporal lobe of brains from epileptic and non-epileptic individuals. [4]: 565 In 1880, Wilhelm Sommer investigated 90 brains and described the classical Ammon's horn sclerosis pattern, severe neuronal cell loss in hippocampal subfield cornum Ammonis 1 (CA1) and some neuronal cell loss in ...
There are also inputs from the medial septum and from the diagonal band of Broca which terminate in the stratum radiatum, along with commisural connections from the other side of the hippocampus. The pyramidal cells in CA3 have a unique type of dendritic spine called a thorny excrescence or thorn, only found in CA3 pyramidal cells and hilar ...
Henry Gustav Molaison (February 26, 1926 – December 2, 2008), known widely as H.M., was an American who had a bilateral medial temporal lobectomy to surgically resect the anterior two thirds of his hippocampi, parahippocampal cortices, entorhinal cortices, piriform cortices, and amygdalae in an attempt to cure his epilepsy.
Hippocampus anatomy describes the physical aspects and properties of the hippocampus, a neural structure in the medial temporal lobe of each cerebral hemisphere of the brain. It has a distinctive, curved shape that has been likened to the sea-horse creature of Greek mythology , and the ram's horns of Amun in Egyptian mythology .
The hippocampus (pl.: hippocampi; via Latin from Greek ἱππόκαμπος, 'seahorse'), also hippocampus proper, is a major component of the brain of humans and many other vertebrates. In the human brain the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus , and the subiculum are components of the hippocampal formation located in the limbic system .
The renaming of the hippocampus as hippocampus major, and the calcar avis as hippocampus minor, has been attributed to Félix Vicq-d'Azyr systematising nomenclature of parts of the brain in 1786. While "hippocampus minor" was used interchangeably with "calcar avis" for much of the 19th century, for a few years after 1861 the former name was ...
The dentate gyrus (DG) is one of the subfields of the hippocampus, in the hippocampal formation.The hippocampal formation is located in the temporal lobe of the brain, and includes the hippocampus (including CA1 to CA4) subfields, and other subfields including the dentate gyrus, subiculum, and presubiculum.
The subicular complex receives input from CA1 and entorhinal cortical layer III pyramidal neurons and is the main output of the hippocampus proper. The pyramidal neurons send projections to the nucleus accumbens , septal nuclei , prefrontal cortex , lateral hypothalamus , nucleus reuniens , mammillary nuclei , entorhinal cortex and amygdala .
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