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The states must also promulgate miscellaneous emissions regulations in order to comply with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. [10] In December 2021 EPA issued new greenhouse gas standards for passenger cars and light trucks, effective for the 2023 vehicle model year. [11]
United States vehicle emission standards are set through a combination of legislative mandates enacted by Congress through Clean Air Act (CAA) amendments from 1970 onwards, and executive regulations managed nationally by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and more recently along with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
In 2021, the Biden administration and the EPA also set new standards that would increase fuel efficiency in new models by 5% a year through 2026. EPA plans stricter rules for electric vehicles ...
Section 202(a)(1) of the Clean Air Act requires the Administrator of the EPA to establish standards "applicable to the emission of any air pollutant from…new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines, which in [her] judgment cause, or contribute to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare" (emphasis added). [3]
The federal regulations don't mandate electric trucks or school buses, unlike California's tougher standards. But the EPA's rules will curtail a billion tons of greenhouse gas emissions each year.
The EPA's preferred standards would take carbon dioxide emissions from 186 grams per mile in 2026 to 82 in 2032, a 56% reduction. The limits would reach 111 grams per mile by 2029.
The National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) are air pollution standards issued by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The standards, authorized by the Clean Air Act, are for pollutants not covered by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) that may cause an increase in fatalities or in serious, irreversible, or incapacitating illness.
Tesla's 2021 Model 3, X and Y models have topped the EPA's EV efficiency chart, pushing ahead of Polestar and other rivals. EPA tests show Tesla's 2021 models are even tougher to beat on ...