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Led by "King" David Hartley, the Coiners obtained real coins from publicans, sometimes on the promise that they could "grow" the investment by smelting the original metals with base ores. They "clipped" the edges of genuine coins, leaving them only very slightly smaller, and collected the shavings. They then melted down the shavings to produce ...
Debasement lowers the intrinsic value of the coinage and so more coins can be made with the same quantity of precious metal. If done too frequently, debasement may lead to a new coin being adopted as a standard currency, as when the Ottoman akçe was replaced by the kuruş (1 kuruş = 120 akçe), with the para (1/40 kuruş) as a subunit.
Both machine-made and hammered coins continued through the recoinage of French silver in 1641, but by now machine-made coinage's time had come, and hammered French coinage ended in 1645. [10] Zürich and Heidelberg experimented with coinage machinery in 1558 and 1567 respectively, and the Hall mint in Tirol permanently adopted coinage machinery ...
[4] [5] Some gold and silver coins were reeded to discourage clipping, i.e. scraping off the precious metals from the edge of the coin, to maintain its stated value in precious metal. [4] This practice was made more difficult through the implementation of reeding by Isaac Newton in 1698, [6] during his time as warden of the Royal Mint.
Close collar minting is a method of coin manufacture that is used almost exclusively today. With close collar minting , the planchet is centred within a solid metal collar during the minting process.
Coin edges are the parts of a coin's surface between the faces; they may be plain (smooth) or patterned, or a combination of both. They can also include lettering. Reeded edges are often referred to as "ridged" or "grooved" (US usage), or "milled" (UK usage). [1] Some coins, such as United States quarters and dimes, have reeded edges
The Catalog House was designated a Chicago Landmark on May 17, 2000. [ 7 ] In later years, Montgomery Ward and Company added several warehouses and parking structures, followed by a 26-story office building in 1972, designed by architect Minoru Yamasaki , who also designed the former World Trade Center towers in New York City .
Calumet/Giles Prairie District; Castlewood Terrace; Central Manufacturing District–Original East Historic District; Central Manufacturing District–Pershing Road Development Historic District; Cermak Road Bridge Historic District; Chicago park and boulevard system; Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal; Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal Historic ...