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The vertebral arch and processes have thicker coverings of cortical bone. The upper and lower surfaces of the body of the vertebra are flattened and rough in order to give attachment to the intervertebral discs. These surfaces are the vertebral endplates which are in direct contact with the intervertebral discs and form the joint. The endplates ...
Vertebrates (/ ˈ v ɜːr t ə b r ɪ t s,-ˌ b r eɪ t s /) [3] are animals with a vertebral column (backbone or spine), and a cranium, or skull.The vertebral column surrounds and protects the spinal cord, while the cranium protects the brain.
The koala does not need to drink often as it can get enough water from the leaves, [11]: 73–74 though larger males may additionally drink water found on the ground or in tree hollows. [18]: 231 When feeding, a koala reaches out to grab leaves with one forepaw while the other paws hang on to the branch. Depending on the size of the individual ...
The extinct species are presumed to have similar diet and habits to the modern koala, the largest Australian folivore, which was exceeded in size by the even more robust P. stirtoni. [11] The tail of koalas is almost absent, an unusual characteristic for a tree climbing mammal, although other anatomical features are well suited to that habitat.
An ancient synapsid, Dimetrodon, had extremely long spines on its backbone that were joined together with a web of skin that formed a sail-like structure. Many mammalian species, like cats and fossas, [1] [2] also have penile spines. The Mesozoic eutriconodont mammal Spinolestes already displayed spines similar to those of modern spiny mice. [3]
Diprotodontia (/ d aɪ ˌ p r oʊ t ə ˈ d ɒ n t i ə /, from Greek "two forward teeth") is the largest extant order of marsupials, with about 155 species, [2] including the kangaroos, wallabies, possums, koala, wombats, and many others.
For them, the reproductive tract is doubled. The females have two uteri and two vaginas, and before birth, a birth canal forms between them, the median vagina. [7] In most species, males have a split or double penis lying in front of the scrotum, [8] which is not homologous to the scrotum of placentals. [9] A pouch is present in most, but not ...
The Phascolarctidae (φάσκωλος (phaskolos) - pouch or bag, ἄρκτος (arktos) - bear, from the Greek phascolos + arctos meaning pouched bear) is a family of marsupials of the order Diprotodontia, consisting of only one extant species, the koala, [1] and six well-known fossil species, with another six less well known fossil species, and two fossil species of the genus Koobor, whose ...