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In scholarly texts, a petroglyph is a rock engraving, whereas a petrograph (or pictograph) is a rock painting. [1] [2] In common usage, the words are sometimes used interchangeably. [3] [4] Both types of image belong to the wider and more general category of rock art or parietal art.
Some scientists in the field of neuropsychiatry and neuropsychology, such as Mario Christian Meyer, are studying the symbolic meaning of indigenous pictographs and petroglyphs, [7] aiming to create new ways of communication between native people and modern scientists to safeguard and valorize their cultural diversity. [8]
Fremont Petroglyph, in Dinosaur National Monument, attributed to Classic Vernal Style, Fremont archaeological culture, eastern Utah, United States Reclining Buddha at Gal Vihara, Sri Lanka, where the remains of two columns to support the structure that originally enclosed it is visible Nanabozho pictograph, Mazinaw Rock, Bon Echo Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada
Water glyphs are a recurring type of petroglyph found across the American southwest, but primarily in southern Utah, northern Arizona, and Nevada.The symbols are thought to be of ancient origin (perhaps created by the Ancestral Puebloans) and have been dated using x-ray fluorescence to around 2000 years.
Big and Little Petroglyph Canyons; Black Mountain Rock Art District; Chalfant Petroglyph Site; Chumash Indian Museum; Coso Rock Art District; Hemet Maze Stone; Meadow Lake Petroglyphs; Painted Rock (San Luis Obispo County, California) Petroglyph Point Archeological Site; Ring Mountain (California) Yellow Jacket Petroglyphs
Walam Olum; or, Red Score, the Migration Legend of the Lenni Lenape or Delaware Indians. A new translation, interpreted by linguistic, historical, archaeological, ethnological, and physical anthropological studies (Pictographs and Lenape text, after C. Rafinesque ed.). Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. OCLC 1633009.
The meaning of the Picture Rock Pass petroglyphs is unknown. The most common explanations are that they were used in hunting ceremonies or marked the migration routes of native peoples. Alternatively, the petroglyphs may have been created to identify tribal territory, record myths, or commemorate important tribal events.
In the field of rock art, human figures and sets of geometric elements, such as rectangles, circles, and dots, constitute the main elements of the compositions and complete the symbolic meaning of the anthropomorphical petroglyphs. [7] Similar carvings are present in the Regional Reserve of Rock Engravings of Ceto, Cimbergo, and Paspardo. [8]