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Seamus Coffey's 2016 Review of Ireland's Corporation Tax Code chronicled how the EU withdrew the exemption from State-aid rules for Ireland's special tax rate of 10% in 1996–1998, however, Ireland countered the EU withdrawal by lowering the entire Irish standard rate of corporate tax from 40% to 12.5% over 1996–2003 (see § Historical rates ...
A source of controversy is the effective tax rate of Ireland corporation tax system, of which the independent evidence is that it is less than 4%, and as low as 0.005% for major U.S. multinationals (see Irish effective corporate tax rate). [35] Ireland's Corporate Tax System has seen Ireland labelled a tax haven, and in June 2018, academics ...
The Irish State refutes tax haven labels as unfair criticism of its low, but legitimate, 12.5% Irish corporate tax rate, [201] [202] which it defends as being the effective tax rate ("ETR"). [203] Independent studies show that Ireland's aggregate effective corporate tax rate is between 2.2% to 4.5% (depending on assumptions made).
24.5%; 20% corporate tax plus a 4% Jehad tax plus a 0.5% tax on corporate income to pay for stamp duties [135] — — — Taxation in Libya Liechtenstein [136] [137] 12.5% 3% [138] 22.4% [139] 8.1% (standard rate) 3.8% (lodging services) 2.5% (reduced rate) [140] 0% for share sales, 24% for real estate Taxation in Liechtenstein Lithuania ...
The Irish State refutes tax haven labels as unfair criticism of its low, but legitimate, 12.5% Irish corporate tax rate, [132] [133] which it defends as being the effective tax rate (ETR). [134] Independent studies show that Ireland's aggregate effective corporate tax rate is between 2.2% to 4.5% (depending on assumptions made).
The quoted income tax rate is, except where noted, the top rate of tax: most jurisdictions have lower rate of taxes for low levels of income. Some countries also have lower rates of corporation tax for smaller companies. In 1980, the top rates of most European countries were above 60%. Today most European countries have rates below 50%. [1]
For example, the new U.S. GILTI regime forces U.S. multinationals in Ireland to pay an effective corporate tax rate of over 12%, even with a full Irish IP BEPS tool (i.e. "single malt", whose effective Irish tax rate is circa 0%). If they pay full Irish "headline" 12.5% corporate tax rate, the effective corporate tax rate rises to over 14%.
The Commission's investigation concluded that Ireland granted illegal tax benefits to Apple, which enabled it to pay substantially less tax than other businesses over many years. In fact, this selective treatment allowed Apple to pay an effective corporate tax rate of 1 per cent on its European profits in 2003 down to 0.005 per cent in 2014.
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related to: ireland corporation tax rates