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Van den Bergh reaction is a chemical reaction used to measure bilirubin levels in blood. [1] [2] More specifically, it determines the amount of conjugated bilirubin in the blood. The reaction produces azobilirubin. Principle: bilirubin reacts with diazotised sulphanilic acid to produce purple coloured azobilirubin. [3]
Total bilirubin assays work by using surfactants and accelerators (like caffeine) to bring all of the different bilirubin forms into solution where they can react with assay reagents. Total and direct bilirubin levels can be measured from the blood, but indirect bilirubin is calculated from the total and direct bilirubin. [citation needed]
[6] In acute appendicitis, total bilirubin can rise from 20.52 μmol/L to 143 μmol/L. In pregnant women, the total bilirubin level is low in all three trimesters. [6] The measurement of bilirubin levels in the newborns is done through the use of bilimeter or transcutanoeus bilirubinometer instead of performing LFTs.
Acid–base and blood gases are among the few blood constituents that exhibit substantial difference between arterial and venous values. [6] Still, pH, bicarbonate and base excess show a high level of inter-method reliability between arterial and venous tests, so arterial and venous values are roughly equivalent for these.
Hyperbilirubinemia is a clinical condition describing an elevation of blood bilirubin level due to the inability to properly metabolise or excrete bilirubin, a product of erythrocytes breakdown. In severe cases, it is manifested as jaundice , the yellowing of tissues like skin and the sclera when excess bilirubin deposits in them. [ 1 ]
The quantity of bilirubin in patients with jaundice can be determined by the formation of azobilirubin in the presence of methanol. [2] The Van den Bergh chemical reaction which is used to measure bilirubin levels, couples bilirubin with diazotized sulfanilic acid. [2] This reaction produced azo pigments, or azobilirubin.
Hemolytic causes associated with bilirubin overproduction are diverse and include disorders such as sickle cell anemia, [2] hereditary spherocytosis, [3] thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, [4] autoimmune hemolytic anemia, [5] hemolysis secondary to drug toxicity, [6] thalassemia minor, [7] and congenital dyserythropoietic anemias. [8]
A complete blood count (CBC), also known as a full blood count (FBC), is a set of medical laboratory tests that provide information about the cells in a person's blood.The CBC indicates the counts of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets, the concentration of hemoglobin, and the hematocrit (the volume percentage of red blood cells).