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In zoology, deep-sea gigantism or abyssal gigantism is the tendency for species of deep-sea dwelling animals to be larger than their shallower-water relatives across a large taxonomic range. Proposed explanations for this type of gigantism include necessary adaptation to colder temperature, food scarcity, reduced predation pressure and ...
Zooplankton and salps play a large role in the active transport of fecal pellets. 15–50% of zooplankton biomass is estimated to migrate, accounting for the transport of 5–45% of particulate organic nitrogen to depth. [40] Salps are large gelatinous plankton that can vertically migrate 800 meters and eat large amounts of food at the surface.
The stable ocean hypothesis (SOH) is one of several hypotheses within larval fish ecology that attempt to explain recruitment variability (Figure 1; [1] Table 1). The SOH is the notion that favorable and somewhat stable physical and biological ocean conditions, such as the flow of currents and food availability, are important to the survival of young fish larvae and their future recruitment.
Vertical pressure variation is the variation in pressure as a function of elevation.Depending on the fluid in question and the context being referred to, it may also vary significantly in dimensions perpendicular to elevation as well, and these variations have relevance in the context of pressure gradient force and its effects.
Removal of piscivorous fish can change lake water from clear to green by allowing phytoplankton to flourish. [24] In the Eel River, in Northern California, fish (steelhead and roach) consume fish larvae and predatory insects. These smaller predators prey on midge larvae, which feed on algae. Removal of the larger fish increases the abundance of ...
For a fixed water depth, long waves (with large wavelength) propagate faster than shorter waves. In the left figure, it can be seen that shallow water waves, with wavelengths λ much larger than the water depth h, travel with the phase velocity [2] = with g the acceleration by gravity and c p the phase speed. Since this shallow-water phase ...
C. temensis resembles other peacock bass species, but is generally more elongate and slender in body shape. [2] It is one of the largest cichlids in the world, reaching a maximum recorded length of 99 centimetres (39 in) and 12.2 kg (27 lb) in weight, [3] [4] with only the African giant cichlid (Boulengerochromis microlepis) possibly reaching similar proportions. [5]
Buoyancy-forced downwelling, often termed convection, is the deepening of a water parcel due to a change in the density of that parcel.Density changes in the surface ocean are primarily the result of evaporation, precipitation, heating, cooling, or the introduction and mixing of an alternate water or salinity source, such as river input or brine rejection.