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Saccharomyces is a genus of fungi that includes many species of yeasts. Saccharomyces is from Greek σάκχαρον (sugar) and μύκης (fungus) and means sugar fungus.Many members of this genus are considered very important in food production where they are known as brewer's yeast, baker's yeast and sourdough starter among others.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (/ ˌ s ɛr ə ˈ v ɪ s i. iː /) (brewer's yeast or baker's yeast) is a species of yeast (single-celled fungal microorganisms). The species has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times. It is believed to have been originally isolated from the skin of grapes.
Human pathogens (e.g. species of Candida and Meyerozyma) [8] [9] Although yeasts are commonly isolated from soil, few are believed to have soil as a primary habitat. [2] Accurate identification of species is important for understanding yeast ecology, something that is now possible with the increased use of DNA-based methods.
For this reason, a pure yeast culture is usually added to the must; this yeast quickly dominates the fermentation. The wild yeasts are repressed, which ensures a reliable and predictable fermentation. [70] Most added wine yeasts are strains of S. cerevisiae, though not all strains of the species are suitable. [70]
Human interactions with fungi include both beneficial uses, whether practical or symbolic, and harmful interactions such as when fungi damage crops, timber, food, or are pathogenic to animals. Yeasts have been used since ancient times to leaven bread and to ferment beer and wine .
Malassezia is a genus of fungi (specifically, a yeast). Some species of Malassezia are found on the skin of animals, including humans. Because malassezia requires fat to grow, [3] it is most common in areas with many sebaceous glands—on the scalp, [4] face, and upper part of the body.
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Komagataella is a methylotrophic yeast within the order Saccharomycetales. It was found in the 1960s as Pichia pastoris, with its feature of using methanol as a source of carbon and energy. [2] In 1995, P. pastoris was reassigned into the sole representative of genus Komagataella, becoming Komagataella pastoris. [3]