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For the Maori, the land was not merely a resource, but a connection to ancestors. [4] The mana of the tribe was strongly associated with the lands of that tribe. From this came the Maori proverb "Man perishes, but the land remains." The Maori beliefs included Atua, invisible spirits connected to natural phenomena such as rainbows, trees, or stones.
[9] [10] Between the 1870s and the 1990s almost every Ngāi Tahu leader was actively pursuing the Ngāi Tahu claim in Parliament. [9] In the 1920s, land commissions investigated the grievances of hapū whose land had been confiscated or otherwise fraudulently obtained in the previous century, and many were found to be valid. [11]
Te Ture Whenua Māori Act 1993 gives the Māori Land Court the jurisdiction to consider this claim. [6] Without limiting any rights of the High Court to make determinations, the Māori Land Court may declare the particular status of any land. [7] For the purposes of the act, all New Zealand land has one of six statuses: Māori customary land
The New Zealand land confiscations took place during the 1860s to punish the Kīngitanga movement for attempting to set up an alternative Māori form of government that forbade the selling of land to European settlers. The confiscation law targeted Kīngitanga Māori against whom the government had waged war to restore the rule of British law.
Ngati Apa v Attorney-General was a landmark legal decision that sparked the New Zealand foreshore and seabed controversy.The case arose from an application by eight northern South Island iwi for orders declaring the foreshore and seabed of the Marlborough Sounds Maori customary land. [1]
Shortly after the decision, Eddie Durie, Chief Judge of the Maori Land Court said, "Until the Court of Appeal decision two years ago which halted the transfer of assets to state-owned enterprises, Maori people had not won a case since 1847. You had a sort of judicial scoreboard - Settlers: 60, Maori: 1." [12] Glazebrook J has described the case ...
The land was largely used for farming until late 2016 when the construction-management company Fletcher Building acquired the site as part of a housing-development project. A group of local activists, led by Pania Newton, opposed the development of the site and staged protests and an occupation of the land over the next three years. In December ...
[9] [10] Later, however, there was an increasing desire by Māori to participate in Parliament.The New Zealand Wars of the 1860s, coupled with ongoing land seizures, convinced many Māori that the "settler Parliament" now had a major impact on them, and that their voices needed to be heard in it.