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On average, only a fraction of the molecules in a liquid have enough heat energy to escape from the liquid. The evaporation will continue until an equilibrium is reached when the evaporation of the liquid is equal to its condensation. In an enclosed environment, a liquid will evaporate until the surrounding air is saturated.
An onboard refueling vapor recovery system (ORVR) is a vehicle fuel-vapor emission control system. It captures potentially harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during refueling. [1] Without such a system, fuel vapors trapped inside gas tanks would be released into the atmosphere, each time the vehicle was refueled. [2]
Gasoline can be released into the Earth's environment as an uncombusted liquid fuel, as a flammable liquid, or as a vapor by way of leakages occurring during its production, handling, transport and delivery. [90] Gasoline contains known carcinogens, [91] [92] [93] and gasoline exhaust is a health risk. [82]
Natural gas liquids (NGL) are the fraction of the hydrocarbons, primarily having 2-8 carbon atoms, [4] that are present in the flash gas during oil production or as liquids in natural gas production. In other words, NGL is the liquids removed from natural gas such as ethane and heavier products. [5]
Boiling is also a phase transition from the liquid phase to gas phase, but boiling is the formation of vapor as bubbles of vapor below the surface of the liquid. Boiling occurs when the equilibrium vapor pressure of the substance is greater than or equal to the atmospheric pressure. The temperature at which boiling occurs is the boiling ...
Liquefaction is used for analyzing the fundamental properties of gas molecules (intermolecular forces), or for the storage of gases, for example: LPG, and in refrigeration and air conditioning. There the gas is liquefied in the condenser , where the heat of vaporization is released, and evaporated in the evaporator , where the heat of ...
The equilibrium vapor pressure is an indication of a liquid's thermodynamic tendency to evaporate. It relates to the balance of particles escaping from the liquid (or solid) in equilibrium with those in a coexisting vapor phase. A substance with a high vapor pressure at normal temperatures is often referred to as volatile. The pressure ...
Outgassing (sometimes called offgassing, particularly when in reference to indoor air quality) is the release of a gas that was dissolved, trapped, frozen, or absorbed in some material. [1] Outgassing can include sublimation and evaporation (which are phase transitions of a substance into a gas), as well as desorption , seepage from cracks or ...