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In solid mechanics and structural engineering, section modulus is a geometric property of a given cross-section used in the design of beams or flexural members.Other geometric properties used in design include: area for tension and shear, radius of gyration for compression, and second moment of area and polar second moment of area for stiffness.
Plastic Bending Stress Distribution. Plastic bending [1] is a nonlinear behavior particular to members made of ductile materials that frequently achieve much greater ultimate bending strength than indicated by a linear elastic bending analysis. In both the plastic and elastic bending analyses of a straight beam, it is assumed that the strain ...
Therefore the neutral axis lies on the centroid of the cross section. Note that the neutral axis does not change in length when under bending. It may seem counterintuitive at first, but this is because there are no bending stresses in the neutral axis. However, there are shear stresses (τ) in the neutral axis, zero in the middle of the span ...
At higher loadings the stress distribution becomes non-linear, and ductile materials will eventually enter a plastic hinge state where the magnitude of the stress is equal to the yield stress everywhere in the beam, with a discontinuity at the neutral axis where the stress changes from tensile to compressive.
Here, is the distance from the neutral axis to a point of interest; and is the bending moment. Note that this equation implies that pure bending (of positive sign) will cause zero stress at the neutral axis, positive (tensile) stress at the "top" of the beam, and negative (compressive) stress at the bottom of the beam; and also implies that the ...
Figure 2. Bingham Plastic flow as described currently. Figure 2 shows the way in which it is normally presented currently. [2] The graph shows shear stress on the vertical axis and shear rate on the horizontal one. (Volumetric flow rate depends on the size of the pipe, shear rate is a measure of how the velocity changes with distance.
An evenly loaded beam, bending (sagging) under load. The neutral plane is shown by the dotted line. In mechanics, the neutral plane or neutral surface is a conceptual plane within a beam or cantilever. When loaded by a bending force, the beam bends so that the inner surface is in compression and the outer surface is in tension.
In structural engineering, the plastic moment (M p) is a property of a structural section. It is defined as the moment at which the entire cross section has reached its yield stress . This is theoretically the maximum bending moment that the section can resist – when this point is reached a plastic hinge is formed and any load beyond this ...